锥形头战斗部动态爆炸破片载荷特性分析

Analysis on Loading Properties of Dynamic Explosive Fragmentation of Conical Head Warhead

为探究锥形头战斗部在不同运动速度下破片的载荷特性,采用SPH仿真方法模拟锥形头战斗部壳体膨胀形成破片的过程和破片载荷特性,并与静爆试验结果对比,验证数值仿真模拟的准确性,研究锥形头战斗部不同运动速度对破片载荷特性的影响。结果表明,战斗部首端部由于截锥面的存在,提高了端部的破片分布区域,增加了战斗部破片的打击范围;战斗部壳体形成的破片初速度沿战斗部轴向呈现明显的阶梯形分布,基于此破片速度可分为四个区域:截锥壳体部、圆柱壳体中前部、圆柱壳体中部和圆柱壳体中后部;动爆条件下,随着战斗部运动速度的增加,尾端部壳体形成的破片初速度呈现出先减小后增大的不规则“V”形,破片飞散角受战斗部运动速度的影响较小,破片飞散方位角沿着战斗部运动方向移动。

The SPH numerical simulation method was used to simulate the process of the conical warhead shell expanding to form fragments and the fragments load characteristics,so as to explore the load characteristics of the dynamic explosive fragments of the conical warhead at different moving velocity,and compares with the results of static explosion tests to verify the accuracy of the numerical simulation.The influence of different moving speeds of the conical warhead on the fragment load characteristics was studied.The results showed that because of the existence of the truncated cone surface,the fragment distribution area at the head end of the warhead is improved,and the attack range of the warhead fragment is increased;the initial velocity of the fragments formed by the warhead shell presents an obvious stepped distribution along the axial direction of the warhead.Based on this fragment velocity,it can be divided into four regions,namely,the truncated cone shell,the middle front of the cylindrical shell,the middle rear of the cylindrical shell,and the middle rear of the cylindrical shell;Under the condition of dynamic explosion,with the increase of the moving speed of the warhead,the initial velocity of the fragments formed by the shell at the tail end presents an irregular"V"shape,which decreases first and then increases.The fragment scattering angle is less affected by the moving speed of the warhead,and the fragment azimuthal angle moves along the moving direction of the warhead.