老龄化背景下我国成年意定监护监督制度的完善

The Improvement of China's Adult Intentional Guardianship Supervision System under the Background of Aging

进入二十一世纪以来,我国人口老龄化程度不断加深,成年意定监护制度在此背景下应运而生。但这一制度在我国起步较晚,尚未建立起配套的监督制度,实践中意定监护权滥用现象的频发、自治与干预的失衡以及成年意定监护本身的特殊性,都呼唤着监督制度的完善。当前,成年意定监护监督制度存在的可操作性差、监督模式不明、事前和事中监督不足等问题,借鉴域外国家成年意定监护监督制度的有益经验,结合国情和社会发展的现实基础,以最佳利益保护原则和最小程度干预原则为指导,确立公力监督与私力监督相结合的双重监督模式,加强对成年意定监护协议的公证监督,细化监督主体的选任规则和职责,以完善我国成年意定监护监督制度。

Since entering the 21st century,the aging in China has been continuously deepening,and the adult guardianship system comes into being under this background.However,this system started relatively late in China and has not yet established a supporting supervision system.In practice,the frequent abuse of intentional guardianship rights,the imbalance between autonomy and intervention,and the particularity of adult intentional guardianship itself all call for the improvement of the supervision system.At present,there are problems in the adult intentional guardianship supervision system,such as poor operability,unclear supervision mode,and insufficient pre-and in-process supervision.Drawing on the beneficial experience of adult intentional guardianship supervision systems from foreign countries,combined with the practical foundation of China's national conditions and social development,guided by the principles of best interest protection and minimum intervention,establish a dual supervision model that combines public and private supervision,strengthen the notarization and supervision of adult intentional guardianship agreements,refine the selection rules and responsibilities of supervisory subjects,and improve China's adult intentional guardianship supervision system.