船闸止水材料性能劣化规律试验研究

Influence of salt-water intrusion and ship lock operation on properties′deterioration for water-stop material

平陆运河河口船闸受咸水入侵及船闸闸室频繁灌泄水作用,形成了受紫外光照强、氯盐侵蚀及高频干湿交替共同影响的特殊腐蚀环境。然而,船闸止水材料在这一特殊服役环境下的性能劣化规律不甚明了。为此,文章开展了针对船闸止水材料在纯紫外老化环境、紫外老化与咸水高频干湿交替环境下的加速劣化试验,研究了四类橡胶止水带(包括:普通、OMEGA、GB、超高性能止水带)材料硬度、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率以及极限弹性模量随时间的劣化规律。结果表明:纯紫外老化环境下,四类橡胶止水带材料的硬度、极限弹性模量随劣化时间呈增大趋势,拉伸强度呈先增后减的变化趋势,断裂伸长率则单调减小;紫外老化与咸水高频干湿交替环境下,四类橡胶止水带材料的硬度、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率均随劣化时间呈减小趋势,极限弹性模量则单调增加。研究成果可为平陆运河河口船闸结构缝止水材料的优选类型提供重要参考依据。

The ship lock at the estuary of the flat-land canal is affected by salt water intrusion and frequent irrigation/drain in lock chamber,hence,a special corrosive environment including ultraviolet light intensity,chloride ions penetration,as well as high-frequency drying and wetting is formed.However,the properties′degradation laws of water-stop material for the ship lock under this special service environment are not clear.To this end,the accelerated deterioration tests for water-stop materials of ship lock in pure ultraviolet aging environment,ultraviolet aging and salt water high-frequency drying-wetting alternation environment were carried out.The time-dependence of hardness,tensile strength,elongation at break and ultimate elastic modulus for the four kinds of rubber water-stop belt(ordinary,OMEGA,GB,ultra-high-performance water stop belt)were revealed.When the four types of water-stop material exposed to the pure ultraviolet aging environment,the hardness and ultimate elastic modulus increase with the deterioration time,and the tensile strength increases first and then decreases,as well as the elongation at break decreases monotonically.Moreover,when they are exposed to the service environment of ultraviolet aging coupling high-frequency drying and wetting alternation,the hardness,tensile strength and elongation at break for the four types of rubber water-stop materials all decreased with the deterioration time,and the ultimate elastic modulus increased monotonically.The research achievements proposed by this paper′s investigations can provide significances for the optimal types of water-stop materials installing in estuarine ship lock of the flat-land canal.