抱朴守拙——宋代建盏的天然纹理之美

Embrace Simplicity and Retain Naivety—The Beauty of Natural Texture of Jianzhan in Song Dynasty

在宋代饮茶风俗影响下,茶盏的选择由唐代的“南青北白”变成了以黑釉瓷器为尊。黑釉茶盏南北均有烧制,其中以建窑最为知名,世称“建盏”。建盏产自福建省南平市建阳区,铁胎厚重沉稳,纹理玄妙莫测。建窑黑釉瓷盏的颜色并非单调的黑色,而是以黑为底色,泛有蓝、黄、红诸色,并以兔毫纹、鹧鸪斑纹、曜变纹等窑变形成的天然纹理用作装饰。本文通过对建盏釉面纹理的研究和分析,追溯其中“抱朴”的表现形式和“守拙”的人文精神,从天然装饰中一探宋代茶道质朴的美学思想和典雅的文化内涵。

Under the influence of the tea drinking custom in Song Dynasty,the choice of tealight was changed from"Southern green and northern white"in Tang Dynasty to black glazed porcelain.Black glaze tealight north and south are fired,which is the most well-known Jian kiln,the world known as"Jianzhan".Jianzhan is produced in Jianyang District,Nanping City,Fujian Province,with a heavy and stable iron tyre,and a mysterious texture.The colour of black-glazed ceramic marigold of Jianzhan kiln is not monotonous black,but with black as the base colour,flooded with blue,yellow and red colours,and decorated with natural textures formed by kiln variations such as rabbit-hair pattern,partridge pattern,obsidian pattern,and so on.Through the study and analysis of the glaze texture of Jianzhan,this paper traces the expression of"embracing simplicity"and the humanistic spirit of"retaining naivety",and explores the aesthetics of simplicity and the elegant cultural connotation of the Song Dynasty tea ceremony from the natural decoration.