轻钢装配式建筑性能优化设计综述

Review of Optimal Design of Lightweight Steel Assembled Building Performance

轻钢装配式结构施工周期短、抗震节能、可回收利用率高,但也存在热惰性差、重复热桥多、隔振性能差等缺陷。以CNKI数据库筛选出的有关轻钢装配式建筑的383篇文献和Web of Science核心合集的731篇文献为数据来源,利用CiteSpace对发文情况、研究热点及发展趋势进行可视化分析,为以后的相关研究提供参考。综述包括轻钢龙骨、轻钢轻质混凝土、轻钢框架等在内的典型装配式轻钢结构性能优化设计的研究现状。首先,从整体抗震性能、自攻螺钉连接、龙骨截面及腹板开孔、保温材料及构造角度分析了组合墙体力学性能优化设计的特点、效果和改进思路。之后,从增设保温材料、热桥阻断设计、相变储能应用和接缝密封处理4个方面提出优化墙体热工性能的方法和效果。最后,阐述了围护结构隔绝空气声、结构振动噪声及振动舒适度的优化设计方法,总结了多目标并行优化的研究现状和未来发展方向。

Lightweight steel assembled structure has short construction cycle,seismic energy saving,and high recycling rate,but it also suffers from defects such as poor thermal inertness,many repeated thermal bridges,and poor vibration isolation performance.Taking 383 documents about lightweight steel assembled construction screened from CNKI database and 731 documents from Web of Science core ensemble as data sources,CiteSpace was used to visualize and analyze the issuance,research hotspots and development trends,which will provide reference for future related research.The current research status on the optimal design of the performance of typical assembled lightweight steel enclosure structures,including lightweight steel keel,lightweight steel lightweight concrete,and lightweight steel frame,was reviewed.Firstly,the characteristics,effects and improvement ideas of the optimal design of mechanical properties of assembled walls were analyzed from the perspectives of overall seismic performance,cladding panels and self-tapping screw connections,keel sections and web openings,thermal insulation materials and construction.After that,the methods and effects of optimizing the thermal performance of the wall were proposed from four aspects,namely,the addition of thermal insulation materials,thermal bridge blocking design,phase change energy storage application and joint sealing treatment.Finally,the optimal design methods for airborne sound insulation,structural vibration noise and vibration comfort of the envelope were described,and the research status and future development direction of multi-objective parallel optimization were summarized.