施工企业在安全管理中应用数字化技术意愿的影响因素研究

Influence factors of construction enterprises willingness to apply digital technology in safety management

为应对建筑施工行业数字化技术应用发展缓慢的发展现状,采用系统动力学模型探究施工企业在安全管理中应用数字化技术意愿的影响因素及各因素的影响程度。首先,基于技术接受模型(Technology Acceptance Model,TAM)和技术组织环境(Technology-Organization-Environment,TOE)理论框架,构建应用意愿研究框架;然后,通过文献分析和半结构化访谈归纳总结影响应用意愿的维度及因素,根据维度和影响因素之间的关系构建系统动力学模型的因果图和流量图;最后,针对模型建立系统方程并进行仿真。结果表明:各维度及其影响因素共同作用于应用意愿的增长;通过敏感性分析发现,组织和环境维度对应用意愿的影响程度强于感知效能和科技维度;感知有用性、企业的重视程度、技术优化和政策支持是4个维度中对应用意愿作用最为显著的影响因素。

From the perspective of construction site safety management,this study explores the main factors affecting the application of digital technology in construction enterprises and the influence degree of each factor.Based on the Technology Acceptance Model(TAM)and Technology-Organization-Environment(TOE)framework,the study establishes a system dynamics model to analyze construction enterprises willingness to apply digital technology in safety management.Through literature analysis and semi-structured interviews,15 influence factors in 4 dimensions are identified.Furthermore,the system boundary values for each influencing factor are calculated.According to the interaction between dimensions and influence factors,the causal diagrams and flow and stock diagrams of the system are constructed.Subsequently,this study uses the G1 weighting method and the entropy method,considering subjective weights,objective weights,and comprehensive weights,to assess the significance of each factor and dimension within the system.Finally,system equations are constructed and Vensim PLE software is used to take simulation of the system.The analysis results show that the willingness of construction enterprises to apply digital technology in safety management is a complex dynamic system.In the initial simulation,all four dimensions collaboratively promote the growth of the overall application intention,with organizational and perceived effectiveness dimensions exhibiting greater influence than the technology and environmental dimensions.Furthermore,the results of dimension sensitivity analysis reveal that the organizational dimension and the environment dimension sensitivity are greater than the perceived effectiveness dimension and the technology dimension,and the impact on the application intention system is more obvious.After the sensitivity analysis of the influence factors one by one,it is found that the most sensitive influence factors in each dimension are perceived usefulness,enterprise importance,technology optimization,and policy support,indicating that the change of application intention is more obvious when they change,and they belong to the key influence factors in the system.