“情景应对”视角下应急预案本体构建:以电网企业为例

Emergency plan ontology construction from the perspective of“scenario-response”:a case study of power grid enterprises

为进一步提升应急预案的可操作性,实现突发事件的快速应对与处置,首先,在“情景应对”视角下,基于公共三角形模型和灾害系统理论思想,结合前因行为后果本体(Antecedent-Behavior-Consequences,ABC)模型和通用形式化本体(General Formal Ontology,GFO)顶层模型,构建应急预案“扩展前因行为后果(Extended-Antecedent-Behavior-Consequences,EABC)”顶层本体;其次,根据突发事件应急处置流程与预案文本结构,形成“6W1H”预案结构化范式,并划分情景流、阶段流、决策流、组织流和资源流,表达突发事件发展过程与预案本体要素之间的动态映射关系;最后,以某国网公司台风事件应急预案部分示例,展示基于EABC顶层本体和结构化范式的表达实例。结果显示,构建的本体结构及表达范式能够针对应急处置阶段和过程快速有效实现职责匹配、任务设置和资源调配等功能,为应急预案向数字化和智能化发展提供了思路和方法。

To enhance the operational effectiveness of emergency plans and facilitate swift response and management of crises,this paper actively delves into constructing an ontology model for emergency plans and a structured expression framework.The goal is to propel the progress of digital and intelligent emergency planning.Initially,following a comparative analysis of top-level ontology models,the GFO top-level ontology is chosen due to its multi-level,vertical,and dynamic expression capabilities,enhancing and complementing the ABC top-level ontology known for its effectiveness in events,states,and changes.In conjunction with the“scenario-response”concept,an Extended-Antecedent-Behavior-Consequences(EABC)top-level ontology model is formulated to align with practical application requirements.Secondly,to delineate the structured framework of emergency plans from a“scenario-response”viewpoint,this paper amalgamates the“scenario”concept,public triangle theory,and the“5W”analysis method to devise a structured expression paradigm termed“6W1H”.This framework comprises scenario(What),disaster rationale(Why),location(Where),executive department(Who),emergency stage(When),emergency response(Work),and emergency resources(How much).Moreover,it segments scenario flow,stage flow,decision flow,organization flow,and resource flow,while elucidating the dynamic mapping relationship between the evolution of emergencies and ontology elements.Lastly,using the emergency plan of a state grid company for typhoon disaster events as a case study,this paper delves into the mapping process from the emergency plan text to the ontology model.Protege software is utilized for ontology construction and visual representation.Furthermore,the emergency prevention stage is examined to analyze the structured mapping process of the ontology model,integrating information from diverse data sources.The findings indicate that the developed ontology structure and expression framework can efficiently and promptly fulfill functions like aligning responsibilities,defining tasks,and allocating resources based on the emergency response stage and process.This offers insights and methodologies for the digital and intelligent evolution of emergency plans.