新疆地区塔里木双峰驼泌乳性能分析

Analysis on Lactation Performance of Tarim Bactrian Camel in Xinjiang

【目的】旨在探究塔里木双峰驼的泌乳性能,为其开发与利用提供数据支持。【方法】本研究收集了2023年6—10月柯坪县畜牧科技发展有限公司(以下简称为畜牧公司)和新疆优驼骆驼养殖业农民专业合作社(以下简称为优驼公司)的823条产奶数据及10月份乳成分数据,包括乳蛋白率、乳脂率、乳糖率、总固体、乳尿素氮、体细胞数等。运用描述性统计分析、独立样本t检验和相关性分析等方法开展研究。【结果】结果显示,8月日均产奶量最高,为3.00kg,10月日均产奶量最低,为2.47 kg。乳脂率在4.04%~4.93%之间,乳糖率在5.17%~4.93%之间,乳蛋白率在4.06%~4.10%之间,总固体在14.14%~15.22%之间,体细胞数在27.28~34.24万个/mL之间,乳尿素氮的含量在44.34~49.24mg/dL之间。此外,乳脂率与乳蛋白率、总固体数呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),乳蛋白率与总固体数、乳尿素氮呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。畜牧公司养殖的塔里木双峰驼的平均乳脂率、平均乳糖率、平均总固体数均极显著高于优驼公司(P<0.01),平均体细胞数高于优驼公司(P>0.05),平均乳尿素氮含量低于优驼公司(P>0.05)。【结论】本研究为塔里木双峰驼的饲养管理提供了理论依据。

【Objective】The aim is to explore the lactation performance of the Tarim Bactrian camel and provide data support for its development and utilization.【Methods】This study collected 823 milk production data from June to October 2023 of Keping County Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Development Co.,Ltd.(hereinafter referred to as Animal Husbandry Company)and Xinjiang Youtuo Camel Breeding Industry Farmers'Professional Cooperative(hereinafter referred to as Youtuo Company),as well as the milk composition data in October,including milk protein rate,milk fat rate,lactose rate,total solids,milk urea nitrogen,and somatic cell count.Descriptive statistical analysis,independent sample t-test,and correlation analysis were used to carry out the research.【Results】Results showed that the average daily milk yield of the Tarim Bactrian camel was the highest(3.00 kg)in August and the lowest(2.47 kg)in October.Further studies showed that the milk fat rate of the Tarim Bactrian camel ranged from 4.04% to 4.93%,lactose rate from 5.17% to 4.93%,milk protein rate from 4.06% to 4.10%,total solids content from 14.14%to 15.22%,somatic cell count from 272800 to 342400/mL,and the milk urea nitrogen content from 44.34 to 49.24 mg/dL.The milk fat rate was extremely significantly positively correlated with milk protein rate and total solids content(P<0.01),and milk protein rate was extremely positively correlated with total solids content and milk urea nitrogen(P<0.01).In addition,compared with Youtuo Company,the average milk fat rate,average lactose rate and average total solids content of Tarim Bactrian camel raised by the Animal Husbandry Company were extremely significantly higher(P<0.01),the average somatic cell count was higher(P>0.05),while the average milk urea nitrogen content was lower(P>0.05).【Conclusion】A theoretical basis was provided by the study for the breeding and management of the Tarim Bactrian camel.