基于高通量测序分析拉萨大黄根部内生菌及根际土壤微生物多样性研究

Analysis on the Root Endophytic Bacteria of Rheum Lhasaense and Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Diversity based on High-throughput Sequencing

以拉萨大黄根部内生菌和根际土壤微生物为研究对象,采用高通量测序技术对其测序并运用生物信息学和统计学方法进行分析,以探究拉萨大黄根部内生菌及根际土壤微生物多样性。结果表明,经过聚类注释后拉萨大黄根及根际土壤中真菌共有90个OTU(OperationalTaxonomicUnit,OTU),特有OTU分别为452个和635个;根及根际土壤中细菌共有622个OTU,特有OTU分别为982个和5618个。α多样性分析显示,与根部内生细菌相比拉萨大黄根际土壤细菌估计物种数量大,物种丰富度和均匀度高(P<0.05);拉萨大黄根际土壤真菌比根部内生真菌的物种总数更多,但根际土壤真菌和根部内生真菌的群落多样性无明显差异(P>0.05)。基于β多样性分析得到拉萨大黄根部内生菌与根际土壤微生物的菌群结构存在显著差异(P<0.05、q<0.05)。从群落组成来看,在门水平上,真菌群落中拉萨大黄根及根际土壤的优势菌门为子囊菌门(Ascomycota),细菌群落中根部内生细菌相对丰度最高的为拟杆菌门(Bacteroid-ota),相对丰度为75.44%,在根际土壤中优势门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria),相对丰度为44.36%;在属水平上,真菌群落中根部可被分类的相对丰度最高的属为青霉属(Penicillium),相对丰度为21.8%,根际土壤中可分类的相对丰度最高的为截盘多毛孢属(Truncatella),相对丰度为26.16%。细菌群落中根部可被分类出来的相对丰度最高的为JC017,相对丰度为73.44%,根际土壤中可被分类的相对丰度最高的为Ba-cillus_BD,相对丰度为6.7%。

The endophytes and rhizosphere soil microorganisms in root of Rheum lhasaense were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing technology,bioinformatics,and statistical analysis to explore the diversity of endophytes and rhizosphere soil micro-organism.The results of clustering annotation indicated that there is a total of 90 shared fungal operational taxonomic units(OTU)in the roots and rhizosphere soil,with 452 unique OTU in the roots and 635 unique OTU in the rhizosphere soil.Additionally,there were 622 shared bacterial OTU in the roots and rhizosphere soil,with 982 unique OTU in the roots and 5618 unique OTU in the rhizosphere soil.Based on α diversity analysis,the number of species,species richness and diversity of rhizosphere soil bacteria in Rheum lhasaense were significantly higher than those in root endophytes(P<0.05).The number of fungi species in rhizosphere soil was larger than that of root endophytic fungi,however,there was no significant difference in community diversity between rhizosphere soil fungi and endophytic fungi(P>0.05).β diversity analysis indicated that there is significant difference in the microbial community structure between endophyte and rhizosphere soil microorganisms in Rheum lhasaense(q<0.05).Ascomycota was identified as the dominant phylum of the fungal community in both roots and rhizosphere soil samples.Bacteroidota had the highest relative abundance in endophytic bacterial community,with a relative abundance of 75.44%.The dominant phylum in rhizosphere soil is Proteobacteria with a relative abundance of 44.36%.At the genus level within roots samples Penicillium exhibited the highest relative abundance of 21.8%,whereas Truncatella had a relative abundance of 26.16% within rhizosphere soils samples.JC017 has the highest relative abundance in roots that can be classified in bacterial communities,with a relative abundance of 73.44%.while Bacillus_BD had a relative abundance of 6.7%in rhizosphere soils.