个人养老金政策执行困境与破解之道——基于史密斯政策执行过程模型的分析

Dilemma of Personal Pension Policy Implementation and its Solution--Analysis Based on Smith’s Policy Implementation Process Model

个人养老金政策属于公共政策,其执行过程会受理想化政策、政策执行机构、政策目标群体与政策环境等维度的影响,故引入史密斯政策执行过程模型作为个人养老金政策分析工具。研究结果显示,个人养老金政策在执行过程中存在政策执行机构能力不足、目标群体认知偏低、政策环境建设乏力等困境,其养老保险补充功能尚未实现。在个人养老金政策后续调整与进一步扩大试点范围过程中须从调整税优政策、加大投资者教育、鼓励各金融机构加强养老产品创新等方面找准出路,以促进个人养老金政策健康可持续落地。

Personal pension policy belongs to public policy,and its implementation process will be affected by idealized policy,policy implementation agency,policy target group and policy environment,etc.Therefore,Smith’s policy implementation process model is introduced as an analysis tool for personal pension policy.The results show that in the process of the implementation of the personal pension policy,there are difficulties:insufficient capacity of the policy implementation institution,low awareness of the target group,and weak policy environment construction,and its supplementary function of pension insurance not coming into being.In the follow-up adjustment of personal pension policies and the further expansion of the pilot scope,it is necessary to adjust tax preferential policies,increase investor education,and encourage financial institutions to strengthen innovation of pension products,so as to promote the healthy and sustainable development of personal pension policies.