文化安全风险评估的理论审视与指标体系构建

Theoretical Examination and Construction of an Index System for Cultural SecurityRisk Assessment

文化风险评估是识别文化安全风险的前提,是守住文化安全底线的尺度,是有效应对风险的举措。文化安全风险评估是针对西方对我国意识形态渗透、外来文化对本国文化冲击、非主流文化对核心价值体系消解等状况的整体评估,是通过定性和定量指标综合评估方法将影响国家文化安全风险因素类型化,进行若干层次的数字化评估,从而构建一个综合性文化安全风险评估指标体系。因此,必须梳理文化安全问题的产生原因和生发条件,关注文化领域面临的不安全子系统之间相互作用的变化脉络,从而评估文化安全风险中的动因、系统及其与社会活动的关联度。在遵循科学性、可操作性、定性与定量相结合原则的基础上,可以PSR模型构建文化安全风险评估指标体系,从压力指标、状态指标和响应指标三个方面选取文化安全风险评估指标,将国家文化安全风险体系分为三个子系统——意识形态安全、民族文化安全和价值观安全,并分别建构单个子系统的“压力-状态-响应”评估架构。

Cultural risk assessment is a prerequisite for identifying cultural security risks, a measure for maintainingcultural security baselines, and an effective approach to risk mitigation. The cultural security risk assessmentencompasses a comprehensive evaluation of Western ideological infiltration, the impact of foreign cultures ondomestic culture, and the erosion of core value systems by non-mainstream cultures. It employs a combinationof qualitative and quantitative indicators to categorize factors affecting national cultural security risks and conductsmulti-level digital assessments, thereby constructing a comprehensive index system for cultural security riskassessment. Consequently, it is imperative to analyze the causes and conditions that give rise to cultural securityissues, focus on the evolving interactions between insecure subsystems in the cultural domain, and clarify themotivations, systems, and their correlations with social activities when applying this model to assess culturalsecurity risks. Adhering to principles of scientific validity, operability, and the integration of qualitative andquantitative methods, this study constructs an index system for cultural security risk assessment based on the PSR(Pressure-State-Response) model. It selects indicators from three aspects: pressure, state, and response. Thenational cultural security risk system is divided into three subsystems—ideological security, national culturalsecurity, and value security—with a "pressure-state-response" assessment framework established for eachsubsystem.