甘肃省儿童肺炎支原体感染流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children in Gansu Province

目的2023年我国北方肺炎支原体感染人数激增,本研究旨在挖掘大数据平台数据,分析甘肃省儿童肺炎支原体感染的流行特点。方法抽取2018年1月—2023年10月居民就诊记录,用大数据算法和人工校验完成数据的清洗及一致性检验;用ArcGIS 10.2完成空间地理信息的处理;统计分析采用SPSS 20.0统计学软件。结果2018—2022年甘肃省肺炎支原体感染就诊7486人次,儿童就诊5774人次,占总人次数的77.13%,是最主要的就诊人群。2023年1—10月间,儿童肺炎支原体感染就诊2929人次,创近几年历史最高水平。冬季是儿童肺炎支原体感染的主要季节(χ^(2)=522.996,P<0.001)。0~3岁组患儿,监测期内就诊人次数不同年份间性别差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.304,P=0.015);4~6岁组患儿,监测期内就诊人次数不同年份间性别差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=11.071,P=0.026);≥7岁组患儿,监测期内就诊人次数不同年份间性别差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.301,P=0.178)。空间上有明显的聚集性,集中在庆阳和酒泉两市。结论2023年甘肃省儿童肺炎支原体感染进入新的流行年,就诊人次数创历史新高,短期内出现就诊人次数激增。2023年季节性表现不明显,春、夏、秋季均出现了就诊高峰。感染人群未发生明显变化,女童比男童易感,主要的感染人群为4~6岁儿童。应加强儿童呼吸道疾病的监测和托幼机构的管理。

Objective In 2023,the number of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in northern China has surged.We aim to reveal the epidemic characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in children in Gansu Province by digging big data platform data.Methods The medical records of residents from January 2018 to October 2023 were extracted.The big data algorithms and artificial verification were used to complete the cleaning and consistency inspection of data,ArcGIS 10.2 was used to complete the processing of space geographic information,and analysis of data was carried out by using computer software SPSS version 20.0.Results From 2018 to 2022,there were 7486 visits to Mycoplasma pneumoniae in Gansu Province,and 5774 visits to children,accounting for 77.13%of the total number of visits,making them the main group of patients.From January to October 2023,there were 2929 visits for Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children,the highest level in recent years.Winter is the main season for Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children(χ^(2)=522.996,P<0.001).In the 0-3 year old group,there was a significant difference in the number of visits between male and female children in different years(χ^(2)=12.304,P=0.015).There was also a significant difference in the number of visits between male and female children aged 4-6 years in different years(χ^(2)=11.071,P=0.026),but no difference was found in children aged seven or more(χ^(2)=6.301,P=0.178).There was a clear clustering in space,concentrated in Qingyang and Jiuquan.Conclusion In 2023,Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children in Gansu Province entered a new epidemic year,with a record high number of visits and a sharp increase in the number of visits in the short term.The seasonal performance in 2023 is not significant,with peak visits occurring in spring,summer,and autumn.The infected population has not changed significantly,and girls are more susceptible than boys.The main infected population is children in the 4-6 age group.Strengthening the monitoring of respiratory diseases in children and the management of childcare institutions.