选拔方式、工作特征对义教阶段乡村青年教师职业认同的影响——基于18省35县调查的实证研究

The Influence of Selection Methods and Work Characteristics on the Professional Identity of Rural Young Teachers in the Compulsory Teaching Stage:Based on the Survey of 35 Counties in 18 Provinces

乡村教师职业认同是建设稳定的乡村教师队伍的关键因素。以18省35县义务教育阶段乡村青年教师为研究对象,从选拔来源、工作特征两个方面进行职业认同影响因素分析。研究发现:(1)不同选拔方式对乡村青年教师职业认同有显著预测作用。(2)工作压力和工作时长等工作要求可以显著负向预测乡村青年教师的职业认同。(3)教学资源和教学环境等工作资源能显著正向预测乡村青年的职业认同感。(4)工作要求与工作资源之间可以交互作用于职业认同。(5)从整体来看,“低要求—高资源”工作环境下教师的职业认同感最强,当工作要求为自身专业发展时长时,“高要求—高资源”为最佳配比,当工作资源为工资时,“低要求—低资源”为最佳配比。

The professional identity of rural teachers is the key factor in the process of building a stable rural teaching team.Using rural young teachers in the compulsory education stage in 35 counties of 18 provinces as the research subjects,the influencing factors of professional identity were analyzed in terms of selection source and work characteristics.The results showed that:(1)Different selection methods had a significant predictive effect on the professional identity of rural young teachers.(2)Work requirements,such as work pressure and working hours,significantly negatively predicted the professional identity of rural young teachers.(3)Teaching resources,teaching environment,and other work resources can significantly and positively predict the professional identity of rural youth.(4)There is an interaction between job requirements and work resources on professional identity,and(5)On the whole,teachers have the strongest sense of professional identity in the“low requirements⁃high resources”work environment,and when the work requirements are their own professional development time,“high requirements⁃high resources”is the best ratio,and when the work resources are wages,“low requirements⁃low resources”is the best ratio.