量化式健康教育在牙周炎患者龈下刮治术围手术期的应用价值

Application value of quantitative health education in perioperative period of subgingival scaling for patients with periodontitis

目的研究量化式健康教育对牙周炎龈下刮治术患者健康知识掌握情况、口腔健康影响程度和术后并发症发生情况的影响。方法前瞻性随机对照试验,选取2020年5月至2021年12月在西安国际医学中心医院接受龈下刮治术的70例牙周炎患者作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组35例。对照组男17例,女18例,年龄(47.35±12.32)岁,行常规健康教育;观察组男19例,女16例,年龄(47.29±12.29)岁,行量化式健康教育。观察两组患者入组时、干预4周后健康知识掌握情况、口腔健康影响程度和术后并发症发生情况。统计学方法采用t检验和χ^(2)检验。结果入组时,两组口腔健康知识问卷得分对比,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);干预4周后,两组口腔健康知识问卷得分均高于入组时,观察组高于对照组[(14.21±2.12)分比(12.36±2.13)分],差异有统计学意义(t=3.64,P<0.05)。入组时,两组口腔健康影响程度量表(OHIP-14)各条目评分及总评分对比差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);干预4周后,两组OHIP-14各条目评分及总评分均低于入组时,观察组均低于对照组(均P<0.05)。术后,观察组总并发症发生率低于对照组[2.86%(1/35)比28.57%(10/35)],差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.90,P<0.05)。结论牙周炎行龈下刮治术患者应用量化式健康教育效果较好,可提升口腔健康知识掌握情况,降低术后并发症发生风险与疾病对口腔健康的影响。

Objective To study the effect of quantitative health education on the mastery of health knowledge,oral health,and occurrence of postoperative complications in patients with periodontitis treated by subgingival scaling.Methods A total of 70 patients with periodontitis who received subgingival scaling in Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital from May 2020 to December 2021 were selected for the randomized controlled trial.They were divided into a control group and an observation group by the random number expression method,with 35 cases in each group.There were 17 males and 18 females in the control group;they were(47.35±12.32)years old.There were 19 males and 16 females in the observation group;they were(47.29±12.29)years old.The control group received routine health education,and the observation group received quantitative health education.The mastery of health knowledge,the impact of oral health,and the occurrences of postoperative complications in both groups were observed when the two groups were enrolled and after 4 weeks'intervention.t andχ^(2) tests were applied.Results At the time of enrollment,there were no statistical differences in the scores of oral health knowledge questionnaire between the two groups(all P>0.05).After 4 weeks'intervention,the scores of health knowledge questionnaire were higher than those at the time of enrollment in both groups,and the score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group[(14.21±2.12)vs.(12.36±2.13)],with a statistical difference(t=3.64,P<0.05).There were no statistical differences in the scores of the items and total score of Oral Health Impact Profile(OHIP-14)between the two groups at the time of enrollment(all P>0.05);after 4 weeks'intervention,the scores of the items and total score of OHIP-14 were lower than those at the time of enrollment,and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05).After the operation,the total incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group[2.86%(1/35)vs.28.57%(10/35)],with a statistical difference(χ^(2)=6.90,P<0.05).Conclusion The application of quantitative health education in patients with periodontitis undergoing subgingival scaling is effective,and can improve the patients'mastery of oral health knowledge,reduce the risk of postoperative complications,and reduce the impact of the disease on their oral health.