某县城社区老年人焦虑抑郁现状及影响因素分析

The status of anxiety and depression and their influence factors among elderly people in a country community

目的 探究西藏拉萨市林周县某社区老年人焦虑抑郁现状以及影响因素。方法 运用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)调查2022年在林周某社区建立65岁及以上健康档案的567例老年人焦虑、抑郁情况,并采用多因素Logistic回归分析方法分析影响老年人焦虑抑郁的因素。结果 经HAMA、HAMD量表统计得出,527例老年人中有28例(5.31%)存在焦虑情绪,有122例(23.15%)存在抑郁情绪;单因素分析显示,月收入、是否患有慢性病、是否锻炼、情绪调节能力的各组老年人,焦虑、抑郁患病率具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经二元Logistic回归分析,患有慢性病是老年人出现焦虑情绪的独立危险因素;锻炼、情绪调节能力良好是老年人焦虑情绪的保护性因素;月收入低、患有慢性病是老年人出现抑郁情绪的危险因素;锻炼和情绪调节能力良好是老年人抑郁情绪的保护性因素(P<0.05)。结论 月收入低、患有慢性病、不锻炼、情绪调节能力差是林周某社区老年人抑郁、焦虑情绪的影响因素。

Objective To explore the anxiety and depression status and influencing factors of the elderly in a community in Linzhou County,Lhasa City,Xizang.Methods The Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)and Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)were used to investigate the anxiety and depression status of 567 elderly people aged 65 and above who established health records in one community in Linzhou in 2022.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting anxiety and depression in the elderly.Results According to the HAMA and HAMD scales,28 out of 527 elderly people(5.31%)had anxiety and 122(23.15%)had depression.Univariate analysis showed that the prevalence of anxiety and depression among elderly individuals in each group was statistically significant(P<0.05)in terms of monthly income,whether they had chronic diseases,whether they exercised,and their ability to regulate emotions.According to binary logistic regression analysis,chronic diseases are an independent risk factor for anxiety in the elderly.Exercise and good emotional regulation ability are protective factors for anxiety in the elderly.Low monthly income and chronic diseases are risk factors for depression in the elderly.Exercise and good emotional regulation ability are protective factors for depression in elderly people(P<0.05).Conclusion Low monthly income,chronic diseases,lack of exercise,and poor emotional regulation ability are the influencing factors for depression and anxiety among elderly people in one community in Linzhou.