工作家庭增益理论的应用与展望:一项元分析研究

Applications and Prospects of Work-family Enrichment Theory:AMeta-analytic Study

Greenhaus和Powell (2006)所提出的工作-家庭增益概念及其开发的工作-家庭增益理论是现如今理解工作-家庭增益过程的基本理论框架。然而,自工作-家庭增益理论提出至今,尚未对该理论的内涵、命题在实证研究当中的实际应用与发展状况进行系统性地归纳与分析,导致该理论的实际解释力与适用范围仍然模糊,阻碍了从理论层面对工作-家庭增益的研究进行延伸与展望。本研究聚焦工作对家庭增益的视角,对截止2023年7月国内外50篇中英文文章当中的55项独立研究(总样本量为23643个)进行元分析建模研究。在工作-家庭增益理论的基础上,本研究细化并检验了11种促进工作-家庭增益的诱导资源以及3种工作-家庭增益的角色结果 ,且工作-家庭增益在诱导资源与角色结果之间发挥部分中介作用。此外,文化差异与性别差异分别在工作-家庭增益如何发挥角色效益以及资源如何促进工作-家庭增益的机制中发挥了不同程度的调节作用。以上结论有助于唤醒对工作-家庭增益理论的重视、对于进一步研究和管理工作-家庭增益都具有一定的指导意义。

The concept of work-family enrichment and the work-family enrichment theory developed by Greenhaus and Powell(2006)is the basic theoretical framework for understanding the process of work-family enrichment.However,since the work-family enrichment theory was proposed,its connotation and propositions in empirical research have not been systematically induced and analyzed,resulting in the theory's actual explanatory power and scope of application remaining ambiguous,which has hindered the extensions and prospects of research on work-family enrichment from a theoretical perspective.This study is a meta-analytic modelling study of 55 independent studies(with a total sample size of 23,643)from 50 articles in English and Chinese,from the perspective of work-family enrichment as of July 2023.Based on the work-family enrichment theory,this study summarized and validated 11 induced resources that promote work-family enrichment and three role outcomes of work-family enrichment,and that work-family enrichment partially mediates the relationship between induced resources and role outcomes.In addition,cultural differences and gender play different levels of moderating roles in the mechanisms of how work-family enrichment is role-beneficial and how resources contribute to work-family enrichment,respectively.The above findings are instructive in awakening attention to the work-family enrichment theory,and in further research and management of work-family enrichment.