经静脉临时心脏起搏器置入术患者术肢管理专家共识

Expert consensus on limb management of patients with transvenous temporary cardiac pacing

目的形成经静脉临时心脏起搏器置入术患者术肢管理专家共识(以下简称“共识”),规范临床经静脉临时心脏起搏器置入术患者术肢管理工作,减少术肢相关并发症的发生。方法运用循证方法,检索、评价和汇总相关证据,提取推荐意见和研究结论,进行证据等级划分、确定证据推荐级别,形成“共识”初稿。2023年12月—2024年1月,通过2轮专家函询和4次专家论证会,对初稿进行修订并形成“共识”终稿。结果共16名专家参与函询,专家积极程度系数为100%,专家权威系数为0.847、0.836,每个指标的重要性赋值均>3.80分,变异系数均<0.21,2轮专家函询的肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.372、0.314(P<0.01)。该“共识”涵盖经静脉临时心脏起搏器置入术前、术中及术后3个环节,涉及术前准备;术中体位管理、导线固定;术后导线固定、体位管理、活动与制动、翻身与转运、床旁术肢交接、拔管后护理、预防术肢深静脉血栓形成、预防感染等11个方面。结论该“共识”具有较强的科学性,可规范临床经静脉临时心脏起搏器置入术患者的术肢管理。

Objective To form the expert consensus on the limb management of patients with transvenous temporary cardiac pacing,standardize the limb management of patients with transvenous temporary cardiac pacing,and reduce complications related to the limb.Methods Using evidence-based methods,the evidence in this field was searched,evaluated and summarized,and relevant recommendations and research conclusions were extracted and classified by the level of evidence quality,and then the first draft of the consensus was formed.From December 2023 to January 2024,through 2 rounds of expert consultation and 4 rounds of expert meetings,the content was adjusted and the consensus was reached.Results Totally 16 experts participated in the consultation.The positive coefficient is 100%;the authoritative coefficient is 0.847 and 0.836;the average value of each index is more than>3.8;the coefficient of variation is less than 0.21.The Kendall’s harmony coefficient of the 2 rounds of expert consultation is 0.372 and 0.314,respectively,which were statistically significant.The consensus covers the preoperative,intraoperative and postoperative on limb management of patients with transvenous temporary cardiac pacing.Totally 11 themes were involved,including the preoperative preparation,position and catheter fixation in operation,position and catheter fixation in postoperative,activity,turn and transfer,duty shift on limb,nursing care after withdrawal of the catheter,prevention of deep vein thrombosis of the operative limb and prevent infection.Conclusion The consensus is highly scientific,and it is helpful to standardize the limb management of patients with transvenous temporary cardiac pacing.