村镇银行风险成因与规制

Risk Causes and Regulation of Village Banks

在开放条件下守住不发生系统性风险的安全底线是我国金融稳健运行的关键。村镇银行历经多年发展,现已经成为我国金融体系不容忽视的重要力量,但其背后严重的经营风险、内部治理风险、道德风险、产权风险需要予以特别关注。我国面向农村设立村镇银行进行金融支农的改革方向存在错误,在现有村镇银行存在系统性风险背景下,应当对村镇银行进行总体收缩,通过兼并重组与撤销淘汰中、高风险村镇银行,主发起行增持股份防止社会资本控制村镇银行,加重村镇银行股东责任防止道德风险三个方面以规制村镇银行风险。

It is the key to the sound operation of China's finance to keep the safety bottom line of no systemic risk under the open condition.After years of development,village banks have become an important force in China's financial system that can not be ignored,but behind the serious business risks,internal governance risks,moral risks,property rights risks need to be paid special attention to.The reform direction of China's rural-oriented establishment of village banks for financial support of agriculture is wrong,and in the context of the existing systemic risk of village banks,village banks should be contracted in general,through mergers and reorganization and elimination of medium-and high-risk village banks,the main sponsor bank to increase the shareholding to prevent the control of village banks by social capital,and increase the responsibility of shareholders of village banks to prevent the risk of moral hazard in order to regulate the risks of village banks.