儿童友好导向的矿区地表致灾因素治理规划研究与探索:以硕嘉湾矿区为例

Research and exploration on child-friendly oriented governance planning of surface disaster-causing factors in mining areas:a case study of Shuojiawan Mine Area

大规模的煤炭资源开发与利用引发了一系列生态环境问题。在生态文明建设的背景下,对矿区致灾因素及生态修复的综合治理规划提出了更高要求。因此,本文以神木市硕嘉湾矿区为例,通过可见光+热红外无人机航测探明了该区域地表致灾因素主要为隐蔽高温异常、地表裂隙和塌陷、地表水体;在此基础上,以儿童友好作为治理目标导向,围绕治理规划的理论、原则、方针、实施、目标,系统提出“44441”(四理论指导、四原则推行、四方针落实、四步演进规划方案、一目标实现)儿童友好导向的治理规划策略,为矿区的治理规划提出了新兴概念设计,形成了致灾因素识别→前期生态修复→后期治理规划的全生命周期、全链条完整的矿区治理规划新路径,为提高矿区居民生活环境品质,以及矿区可持续发展提供了新思路。

The large-scale development and utilization of coal resources has caused a series of eco-environmental problems.Under the background of the construction of ecological civilization,higher requirements are put forward for the comprehensive governance planning of disaster-causing factors and ecological restoration in mining area.Therefore,in this paper,taking the Shuojiawan Mining Area in Shenmu City as an example,the surface disaster-causing factors in this area are mainly hidden high-temperature anomalies,surface fissures and collapses,and surface water bodies,which have been detected by visible light+thermal infrared UAV aerial surveys.And on this basis,taking child-friendliness as the goal orientation of governance,around the theory,principle,policy,implementation and goal of governance planning,this paper systematically puts forward the“44441”(four theoretical guidance,four principles implementation,four policy implementation,four step evolution planning plan,one goal realization)child-friendly oriented governance planning strategy,which puts forward a new conceptual design for mining area governance planning.A new path of mining area management planning with full life cycle and complete chain is formed to identify the late treatment planning of“early ecological restoration”from the disaster-causing factors,which provides a new idea for improving the living environment quality of mining area residents and the sustainable development of mining area.