某高硫铜矿预选铜尾矿活化浮硫试验研究

Experimental study on activated sulfur flotation of pre-processed copper tailings from a high sulfur copper mine

某高硫铜矿富含铜、铁、硫等有价资源,经预浮选铜后尾矿中硫含量较高。为回收利用硫资源,同时降低尾矿硫含量以减少对环境的危害,开展铜尾矿活化浮硫试验研究。通过工艺矿物学研究,查明了高硫铜矿原矿中各类矿物的嵌布特征和预选铜尾矿中主要载体矿物黄铁矿的嵌布特征。根据其尾矿嵌布特征,基于一次粗选流程进行了控制变量试验,考察了活化剂及捕收剂种类与用量对硫分选的影响,确定了最佳活化剂硫酸用量为3000 g/t,黄药作为捕收剂最佳用量为150 g/t,探究了加药方式对浮选的影响,证明黄药在粗选和扫一分段加药效果较好,可有效降低硫浮选尾矿硫品位,进而减弱其对环境的影响。经过最佳药剂制度及分段加药一粗两扫流程,可获得硫品位为49.6%、回收率为98.45%的硫精矿,尾矿硫品位降低至3.55%。为进一步优化浮选流程和工艺参数,分别对硫浮选精矿及中矿产品开展工艺矿物学研究,对其矿物组成、共生关系及元素含量等进行了考查,发现黄铁矿并未完全实现解离,工业利用价值较低,如未进行再磨,分选分离难度较大。该研究可为其他同类型含硫尾矿高效回收提供一定的理论参考。

A high sulfur copper mine is rich in valuable resources such as copper,iron and sulfur.The sulfur content in the tailings after copper pre-flotation is quite high.In order to recover and utilize sulfur resources and reduce the sulfur content of the tailings to reduce its harm to the environment,the experiment of sulfur activation and flotation from the copper tailing is carried out.Through the study of process mineralogy,the distribution characteristics of various kinds of minerals,and the main sulfur carrier mineral pyrite in the pre-processed copper tailings are clarified.According to the distribution characteristics of the tailings,the control variables tests are carried out based on a roughing flowsheet,and the influence of the type and dosage of activator and collector on sulfur separation is investigated.It’s found that the optimal dosage of sulfuric acid as activator is 3000 g/t,and the optimal dosage of xanthate as collector is 150 g/t.The effect of dosing method on flotation is investigated,and it is proved that xanthate acted better when it is dosed segmentally in the roughing and sweeping stages,which could effectively reduce the sulfur grade of the flotation tailings and weaken its environmental impact.A sulfur concentrate with 49.6%sulfur grade and 98.45%recovery rate can be obtained under the best reagent scheme and the flowsheet of one rough and two sweeping.The sulfur grade of the tailings can be reduced to 3.55%accordingly.For further optimization of the flotation process and parameters,process mineralogy analyses are conducted on the sulfur flotation concentrate and the medium mineral products,and their mineral composition,symbiosis relationship and element content are investigated.It’s found that pyrite is not completely dissociated,and its industrial utilization value is low.It’s difficult to be separated if without regrinding.This study can provide a theoretical reference for the high efficiency recovery of other sulfur tailings with similar types.