医学生数字素养:量表开发与影响因素分析

Analysis on the Scale Development and Influencing Factors of Digital Literacy of Medical Students

目的:在数字医疗背景下关注医学生数字素养具有鲜明的时代内涵和重要的育人价值,本研究旨在开发一套适用于当前医学生群体的数字素养评估工具并进一步探讨其影响因素。方法:基于Churchill提出的量表开发经典程序和相关实践,首先构建医学生数字素养量表的初始版本,其次通过随机整群抽样方法进行数据收集,进一步将样本分为样本A和样本B分别使用SPSS和AMOS软件进行探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析。同时,运用SPSS软件开展描述性统计分析、独立样本T检验、单因素分析以及多元线性回归分析进一步探讨医学生数字素养的影响因素。结果:最终通过验证的医学生数字素养评估工具由信息与数据素养、沟通与协作素养、数字内容创造素养、安全素养、问题解决素养、职业相关素养6个一级指标、25个二级指标构成,累计贡献率为71.89%。同时,本文还发现女生(P<0.001)、独生子女(P<0.05)、拥有可上网设备的种类(P<0.001)、学生干部(P<0.05)、家庭经济状况(P<0.05)正向预测医学生数字素养水平。结论:本研究开发了具有良好信效度的医学生数字素养量表,且发现医学生整体数字素养水平良好。但子维度中,数字内容创造素养是其最大短板,同时沟通与协作素养和职业相关素养亟需加强。影响医学生数字素养水平的关键因素覆盖个体层面(即性别、独生子女、拥有可上网设备的种类)、学业层面(即学生干部)和家庭层面(即家庭经济状况)。相关发现能够为数字医疗趋势下医学院校有效评估医学生数字素养,并针对不同群体精准开展数字素养教育提供科学参考。

Objective To develop a digital literacy scale suitable for current medical students and further explore its influencing factors.Methods Based on the classical programs and related practices on developing a scale proposed by Churchill,the initial version of the digital literacy scale for medical students was firstly constructed,then the data was collected through the random cluster sampling method.Samples were further divided into sample A and sample B for exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis by using SPSS and AMOS software,respectively.Meanwhile,SPSS software was used to carry out descriptive statistical analysis,independent sample T-test,single factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis to further explore the influencing factors of medical students'digital literacy.Results The verified digital literacy scale for medical students was composed of 6 primary and 25 secondary indexes,in which the primary indexes were information and data literacy,communication and cooperation literacy,digital content creation literacy,security literacy,problem solving literacy and career-related literacy,with a cumulative contribution rate of 71.89%.At the same time,it was also found that female students(P<0.001),only child(P<0.05),types of device with Internet access(P<0.001),student leaders(P<0.05),family economic status(P<0.05)positively predicted medical students'digital literacy.Conclusion A digital literacy scale for medical students with good reliability and validity has been developed,from which it can be found that the overall digital literacy level of medical students was good.However,in its sub-dimension,digital content creation literacy is the most important shortcoming,and communication,collaboration literacy and career-related literacy are also need to be strengthened.The key factors affecting medical students'digital literacy cover the individual level(gender,only child,types of device with Internet access),academic level(student cadre),and family level(family economic status).The relevant findings can provide scientific references not only for medical colleges and universities to effectively evaluate medical students'digital literacy under the trend of digital health care,but also accurately carry out digital literacy education for different groups.