低碱无磷高效除油粉的研制及应用

Preparation and application of low alkali phosphorus⁃free high efficiency oil removal powder

为解决现有除油粉由于强碱的浓度过高导致加温时易产生碱雾、表面活性剂失活影响除油效果等问题,本文研制了一种低碱无磷高效除油粉,其配方组成(质量分数)为3%的异构醇油酸皂DX1639、1%的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、2%的烷基糖苷、48%的Na2CO3、18%的五水偏硅酸钠、4%的葡萄糖酸钠和24%的柠檬酸钠。同时,研究表面活性剂比例、碱性助剂配比、螯合剂配比及工作液浓度对除油粉清洗效率的影响。结果发现:该除油粉的最优清洗用量(质量分数)为1%,pH为10.8,在35℃条件下超声清洗2min,清洗效率超过96%。该除油粉可应用于钢铁件、铝合金、锌合金和铜合金等金属件表面的除油清洗,在金属工业清洗领域具有广阔的应用前景。

To solve the problems that the concentration of strong alkali in the existing oil removal powder is too high,which may lead to alkali fog during heating,and the deactivation of the surfactant affects the oil removal effect,a low alkali phosphorus⁃free high efficiency oil removal powder is successfully developed.The formula of the obtained degreasing powder consisted of(mass ratio)3%iso-alcohol oleic acid soap DX1639,1%fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether,2%alkyl glycosides,48%sodium carbonate,18%sodium metasilicate pentahydrate,4%sodium gluconate,and 24%sodium citrate.The effects of surfactant ratio,alkaline auxiliary ratio,detergent aid ratio and working solution concentration on the cleaning efficiency of degreasing powder were studied.The optimal cleaning concentration of the degreasing powder was 1%(mass fraction),pH 10.8,and the ultrasonic cleaning efficiency was over 96%at 35℃for 2 min.It can be used for oil removal and cleaning of steel,aluminum alloy,zinc alloy,copper alloy and other metal parts.It’s obviously that the degreasing powder has broad application prospects in the field of metal industry cleaning.