中国流动老年人口城市心理融入空间差异及影响因素研究

SPATIAL DIFFERENCE OF FLOATING ELDERLY POPULATION'S URBAN PSYCHOLOGICAL INTEGRATION AND HETEROGENEITY OF INFLUENCING FACTORS IN CHINA

运用2017年中国流动人口动态监测数据,从融入意愿、心理距离、身份认同三个方面对中国地级及以上城市流动老年人口城市心理融入水平进行测度,在此基础上运用多尺度地理加权回归以及K均值聚类方法,对其空间差异和影响因素展开研究。研究发现:①中国流动老年人口城市心理融入水平整体较高,但其空间差异特征显著,呈现川渝、西北以及东北等地区较高,华南、中东部沿海地区明显滞后的分异格局。②流动老年人城市心理融入水平受到其自身层面流动、家庭、户籍地、个体行为因素以及流入城市的公共服务共同影响,但不同影响因素存在显著的空间异质性和空间尺度差异。以此为依据,利用K均值聚类方法将其划分为家庭、户籍和行为因素主导区、健康服务因素主导区、行为因素主导区以及多因素共同作用区四大影响区域,为因地制宜、有针对性地制定相关政策提供一定依据。

Based on the data from the 2017 national migrant population dynamic monitoring survey(CMDS),this paper measures the urban psychological integration level of the floating elderly population in prefecturelevel and above cities in China from three aspects:integration willingness,psychological distance and identity.On this basis,multi-scale geographically weighted regression(MGWR) and K-means cluster methods are used to study its spatial differences and influencing factors.The results show that:1) The level of floating elderly population's urban psychological integration in China is generally high,but its spatial difference is obvious,showing a high level in Sichuan-Chongqing,northwest,northeast areas,and a significant lag in the coastal areas of South China and Middle East.2) The level of floating elderly population's urban psychological integration is jointly affected by the factors of mobility,family and registered residence and individual behavior at their own level,as well as the public services of the cities where they migrate.However,there were significant spatial heterogeneity and spatial scale differences among different influencing factor.Based on this,the K-means cluster method is used to divide it into four influence areas:The dominant area of household,household registration and behavioral factors,the dominant area of health service factors,the dominant area of behavioral factors and the dominant area of multi-factor co-action,it can provide some basis for making relevant policies according to local conditions.