数字经济发展对中国制造业生产效率的影响:空间效应与传导机制

THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT ON THE PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY OF CHINA'S MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY:SPATIAL EFFECTS AND TRANSMISSION MECHANISMS

在信息技术驱动经济增长之际,数字经济赋能制造业效率提升成为中国制造业高质量发展的重要推动力。本文尝试将数字经济与制造业生产纳入统一分析框架,基于动态演化视角揭示中国数字经济和制造业生产效率的时空嬗变规律,构建技术创新和人力资本两条传导路径,并运用空间计量模型和中介效应模型,从机理上进行空间效应阐释及其异质性特征检验。结果表明:①2011-2020年,中国数字经济呈现出十分明显的快速发展态势,而制造业生产效率则表现为波动上升的演化趋势,两者均存在明显的时空分异特征。②数字经济发展不仅有利于本地制造业生产效率提升,对周围地区制造业生产同样表现出显著的正向溢出效应。③东部和中部地区数字经济发展对制造业生产效率提升具有显著的促进作用,西部地区的影响效应显著为负。④技术创新和人力资本是数字经济推动制造业生产效率提升的中介变量,进一步检验发现传导效应存在明显的空间异质性和行业异质性特征。

This paper attempts to integrate digital economy and manufacturing production into a unified analytical framework,reveal the temporal and spatial evolution law of China's digital economy and manufacturing production efficiency based on the perspective of dynamic evolution,construct two transmission paths of technological innovation and human capital,and use the spatial econometric model and the intermediary effect model to interpret the spatial effect and test its heterogeneity from the mechanism.The results show that:1) From 2011 to 2020,Chinese digital economy presents a very obvious rapid development trend.2) The development of digital economy not only improves the production efficiency of local manufacturing industry,but also has significant positive spillover effect on manufacturing production in surrounding areas.3) The development of digital economy in the eastern and central regions has a significant positive effect on the improvement of manufacturing production efficiency.4) Technological innovation and human capital are the mediating variables for digital economy to promote the improvement of manufacturing production efficiency.