乡村振兴视角下脱贫地区农村劳动力回流多维特征及形成机理——以重庆市奉节县为例

MULTI-DIMENSIONAL CHARACTERISTICS AND FORMATION MECHANISM OF RURAL LABOR REFLOW IN POVERTY ALLEVIATION AREAS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF RURAL REVITALIZATION:A CASE STUDY OF FENGJIE COUNTY,CHONGQING

本文利用重庆市奉节县390个行政村(社区)调查数据及5180份农村劳动力抽样调查问卷数据,探究农村劳动力回流多维特征,运用二元Logistic回归模型、地理探测器等方法,从个体和村域层面识别农村劳动力回流的内外源因素,并探究其作用机理。结果表明:①农村回流劳动力个体在性别、年龄、婚姻状况、家庭赡养抚养等方面表现出明显的差异性特征。②村域劳动力回流水平整体偏低,县域中部和南部较高,北部和中南部回流较低,表现出回流水平等级越高,空间集聚越不明显。③农村劳动力回流的内生性因素影响个体的回流能力和发展动力,而外源性因素决定劳动力的发展机会、生产生活条件和社会保障水平。

As the key to rural revitalization lies in people,investing the multi-dimensional characteristics and mechanism of rural labor reflow would be of great theoretical and practical significance for reshaping rural subjects and promoting rural revitalization.Based on the survey data of 390 administrative villages(communities)and 5180 sampling questionnaires on rural labor force in Fengjie county,Chongqing,this paper investigates the multi-dimensional characteristics of rural labor reflow,using a binary logistic regression model,geo-detector model identifies the internal and external factors for labor reflow at the individual and village levels,and explores its mechanism.The research results indicated that:1)Rural migrant workers demonstrated significantly differentiated characteristics in gender,age,marital status and family support,etc.2)The level of labor reflow to villages was low overall,relatively high in the central and southern parts of the county,and relatively low in the northern and south central parts;higher level of reflow was associated with lower degree of spatial agglomeration.3)Rural labor reflow behavior in the researched area is an outcome of combined effects of the intrinsic factors at the individual level and the exogenous factors at the village level.