代码审查自动化研究综述

Survey on Code Review Automation Research

随着现代软件规模的不断扩大,协作开发成为软件开发的主流趋势,代码审查成为现代化软件开发的重要工作流程.但由于人工代码评审往往耗费审查者较大精力,且存在审查者不匹配或审查者水平有限等问题,人工代码评审的质量和效率难以保证,且审查后的代码修复也十分费时费力.因此,亟需研究人员为代码审查流程进行改进,提供自动化思路.对代码审查自动化相关研究进行系统梳理和总结,并重点介绍4种主要方向:审查者推荐、代码变更质量评估、审查意见生成和代码自动修复.整理了相关方向的148篇研究,对每个方向的研究进行技术分类与分析.随后,整理了各方向研究任务的评估方法,并整理出常用的数据集与开源工具.最后,对代码审查自动化领域面临的问题进行梳理,并对未来研究进行展望.

During software development,collaborative development has become the mainstream trend for large-scale software development,and code review has become an important workflow of it.However,there are some problems in manual code review such as mismatch and knowledge limitations of reviewers,then the quality and efficiency of code review may be poor,and the code repair after review also takes time and effort for developers.It is urgently needed for researchers to improve the code review process and make it automated.This study provides a systematic survey of research related to code review automation,and focuses on 4 main directions:Reviewer recommendation,automated code quality estimation,review comment generation,and automated code refinement.The 148 high-quality publications related to this topic have been collected,and a technical classification and analysis have been carried out in this research field.Then,the evaluation methods of each task in directions are briefly summarized,and some benchmarks and open-source tools are listed.Finally,the key challenges and insights are proposed for future research.