宋以降佛教士庶化——福建功德寺院的个案研究

The Civilianization Process of Buddhism after the Song Dynasty:A Case Study of the Gongde Temple in Fujian

文章主要通过以福建为主的东南功德寺院的历史演变个案,探讨东南佛教在宋代以后的士庶化过程这一过程与宋以降儒家文化走向民间社会的过程紧密相连,与国家制度和文化的下沉如华南民间信仰的国家化密切相关,也与华南大规模的宗族文化创造相伴随。佛教的士庶化一方面是国家佛教制度下沉到基层社会的过程;另一方面是士庶社会消费国家的佛教文化资本,将国家做到他们身边的结果。

Based on a case study of the historical evolution of the Gongde Temple in Fujian in southeast China,this paper discusses the close connection between Buddhism in southeast China in its civilianization process after the Song dynasty and the process of Buddhist culture entering the folk society after the Song dynasty,which was closely related to the downwards influence of the national system and culture like the nationalization of the folk beliefs in south China as well as the large-scale creation of religious cultures in south China.On the one hand,the civilianization process of Buddhism was a downwards process of the national system of Buddhism entering the community-level society;on the other hand,the Buddhist cultural capital in such society in a consumer country made the state for its benefits.