山地小流域主导生态系统服务空间格局及其影响因素探究

Spatial patterns of ecosystem services and their determinants in small mountainous watersheds

【目的】探究澎溪河流域主导生态系统服务的空间格局及其影响因素。【方法】采用InVEST模型评估澎溪河流域的水源涵养与土壤保持服务,基于地形起伏度与海拔高程划分地貌类型。利用地理探测器探究不同地貌类型下生态系统服务的主要影响因素及其相互作用。【结果】水源涵养量呈南高北低的空间分布特征,低海拔高程台地的水源涵养量最小,为239.52mm/m^(2);土壤保持服务水平呈北高南低的空间格局,随地貌梯度升高而增加。土地利用类型及归一化植被指数(NDVI)分别主导了水源涵养与土壤保持服务水平的变化,在林地及草地区域中尤为突出。【结论】在高地貌梯度地区,生态修复需综合考虑多种因素以提升水源涵养与土壤保持能力。

【Objective】This paper is to address the research gap in ecosystem services of small mountainous watersheds and provide scientific support for comprehensive management and sustainable development of such regions.【Method】We take the Pengxi River Basin as an example.The InVEST model was used to evaluate water and soil conservation services in the region.The region was divided into different geomorphic types based on the terrain undulation and altitude.The geographical detector was then used to identify the dominant influencing factors and their interactions in different landform types.【Result】Spatially,water conservation increased from the north to the south,with its lowest value observed in the low-altitude areas(239.52 mm/m^(2))and the highest value observed in small undulating middle mountains(591.00 mm/m^(2)).In contrast,soil retention increased from the south to the north,and increased with the elevation of landform gradients.Land use types and NDVIare the primary factors influencing water conservation and soil retention,respectively,with the forest and grassland performing particularly well.【Conclusion】In areas with high landforms gradients,ecological restoration needs to consider multiple factors to enhance water conservation and soil retention in the region.