创新竞赛经历能否提升高校毕业生的薪酬水平?——基于JN大学毕业生中期发展评价调查

Could Innovation Competitions Experience Increase in College Graduates’Salary?A Survey on Mid-term Development Evaluation of JN University Graduates

从实践教育出发,高校组织各类创新竞赛旨在培养大学生创新意识、启迪创意思维、提升创造能力、造就创业人才,意义重大且影响深远。本文根据JN大学2016届毕业生中期发展评价的问卷数据,采用普通最小二乘法进行回归分析,并利用倾向得分匹配法克服自我选择偏差产生的内生性问题,调查创新竞赛经历对高校毕业生五年后薪酬水平的影响效应,结果发现:(1)从影响因素来看,创新竞赛经历对高校毕业生五年后薪酬水平提升具有显著的正向作用。与此同时,工作城市、用人单位规模、岗位职务、在校经历等因素也是提升高校毕业生中长期薪酬的重要助推器。(2)从影响效果来看,使用普通最小二乘法估计发现,具备参赛经历的高校毕业生比未参赛高校毕业生在就业五年后薪酬水平高出7.8%;而使用倾向得分匹配法估计结果更是高出13.0%。由此表明,创新竞赛经历是高校毕业生获得高薪的孵化器。(3)从异质性分析来看,参赛经历对自然类学科的高校毕业生五年后薪酬水平产生的积极影响要明显强于非自然类学科的高校毕业生。基于以上结论提出相应政策建议,高校应以开展创新竞赛为契机,优化竞赛评价机制,改革高校教学方式,完善就业指导体系。

Starting from practical education,universities organize various innovation competitions with the aim of cultivating college students’innovation awareness,inspiring creative thinking,enhancing creative ability,and cultivating entrepreneurial talents,which is of great significance and far-reaching impact.This article is based on the questionnaire data of the mid-term development evaluation of the 2016 graduates of JN University.The ordinary least squares method is used for regression analysis,and the propensity score matching method is used to overcome endogeneity problems caused by self selection bias.The study investigates the impact of innovation competition experience on the salary level of college graduates after five years.The results show that:(1)From the perspective of influencing factors,innovation competition experience has a significant positive effect on the salary level improvement of college graduates after five years.At the same time,factors such as work city,employer size,job position,and school experience are also important promoters for improving the medium to long-term salary of college graduates.(2)From the perspective of impact,using the ordinary least squares method to estimate,it is found that college graduates with participating experience have a 7.8%higher salary level than non-participating college graduates after five years of employment;The estimated result using propensity score matching method is 13.0%higher.This indicates that innovation competition experience is an incubator for college graduates to obtain high salaries.(3)From the perspective of heterogeneity analysis,the positive impact of participation experience on the salary level of natural science graduates after five years is significantly stronger than that of non natural science graduates.Based on the above conclusions,corresponding policy recommendations are proposed.Universities should take the opportunity of conducting innovation competitions,optimize the evaluation mechanism of competitions,reform the teaching methods of universities,and improve the career guidance system.