论复杂社会视角下法律与道德的交错互补关系

On the Interlaced Complementarity of Law and Morality from the Perspective of Complex Society Relationship

哈贝马斯跳出以往观点的窠臼,提出了法律与道德交错互补的复杂关系,并在其著作《在事实与规范之间》的第三章中从规范和功能两个角度分别对复杂社会下法律与道德的关系进行讨论,从规范角度切入,法律与道德的关系问题实际便可归结为主观权利究竟是什么。自然法与实证主义法学派在法律与道德关系上的分歧也集中反映在其对于主观权利的不同看法中。哈贝马斯批判分析了传统自然法以及法律实证主义的主观权利理论,并得出结论,主观权利所具有的仅仅是程序意义之上的普遍性,使得民主原则得以成为商谈原则的具体化,以承担民主商谈的重要任务。

In the third chapter of his book Between Facts and Norms,Habermas discussed the relationship between law and morality in a complex society from two perspectives of norms and functions respectively.From the perspective of norms,the relationship between law and morality can actually be boils down to what subjective rights are.The differences between natural law and positivist jurisprudence on the relationship between law and morality are also reflected in their different views on subjective rights.Habermas criticized and analyzed the subjective rights theory of traditional natural law and legal positivism,and came to the conclusion that the universality of subjective rights is only in procedural sense,which makes the democratic principle become the concrete principle of negotiation to undertake the important task of democratic negotiation.