清中期浙江古建画工木雕研究

Research on Patterned Wood Carving in Zhejiang Ancient Architecture During the Mid-Qing Dynasty

画工木雕是清中期浙江古建筑装饰的特色形制,其粉本源于明清刊印画谱以及小说插图本,用刀木雕工呈现绘画的构图、线条和笔锋笔艺美感,以浮雕、沉雕、线雕、阴刻等平面雕刻工艺雕作于门窗绦环板、梁架枋面、琴枋、雀替等处。其雕工形制多样,题材丰富兼容,构图上形成了浙江民间工匠独特的画工口诀,视觉上兼具文人图像风骨与浙派民间工艺之美。以木雕图像研究为切入点,对木雕画谱粉本、技艺手法、形制特征、题材构图等画工木雕作综合解读。

Patterned wood carving,characteristic form of Zhejiang ancient architectural decoration during the mid-Qing dynasty,originated from Ming and Qing printed painting collections and novel illustrations.The use of wood carving techniques presents the composition,lines,and brushwork aesthetic of paintings.The techniques of relief carving,sunken carving,line carving,and intaglio carving are applied to door and window lintels,beam brackets,Qinfeng(a type of decorative trim),and Que Ti(a type of decorative element).The wood carving works are diverse in form and rich in themes,forming a unique mnemonic of Zhejiang folk craftsmen in composition.Visually,it combines the elegance of literati images with the beauty of Zhejiang folk craftsmanship.This article focuses on the study of wood carving images,integrating research on patterned wood carving collections,techniques,formal characteristics,and thematic compositions.