农业直接补贴政策能否激活农民主体性?——基于湖南、湖北调研数据的实证

Can Agricultural Direct Subsidy Activate the Subjectivity of Farmers?——Empirical Analysis Based on Survey Data from Hunan and Hubei Provinces

基于激励相容理论、边际报酬理论,依据2023年湖南省、湖北省调研数据,考量农业直接补贴政策能否激活农民主体性。结果显示:农业直接补贴的增收效应与农民主体性提升之间呈边际效益递减趋势。农业直接补贴对家庭人均年收入偏低、种植规模偏小的农民主体性提升更明显,而禀赋条件更好特别是资本禀赋条件更好的农民有着其他的主体性激活机制。鉴于此,应持续运用农业直接补贴向中小规模农户提供生存发展“收入安全网”功能,增加农业直接补贴项目或其他社会福利优惠项目,增加农业农村对种植大户、城市潜在农民的吸引力,定时量化测算与政策目标相结合,提高涉农财政资金利用效率。

Based on the theory of incentive compatibility and marginal reward theory,and according to the survey data of Hunan and Hubei provinces in 2023,we analyzes whether the agricultural direct subsidy policy can activate the farmers’subjectivity.The results show a decreasing trend of marginal benefit between the income-increasing effect of agricultural direct subsidies and the improvement of farmers’subjectivity.Agricultural direct subsidies on the low per capita annual income of households,small farmers to enhance the subjectivity more obvious,and better endowment conditions,especially farmers who have better capital endowment have another subjective activation mechanism.Given this,we should continue using agricultural direct subsidies to provide small and medium-sized farmers with an“income safety net”for survival and development.We suggest increasing agricultural direct subsidy projects or other preferential social welfare projects,increasing the attractiveness of agriculture and rural areas to large growers and potential urban farmers,combining regular quantitative calculations with policy objectives,and improving the efficiency of agriculture-related financial funds.