数字时代劳动者离线权入法的必要性探析

An Analysis of the Necessity of Workers’Rights to Disconnect in the Digital Era

数字时代的到来,在给劳动者就业方式带来巨大便利的同时,也导致劳动者工作时间对休息时间的侵蚀。劳动者即使在非工作时间也无法得到彻底休息,甚至是没有休息,仍然需要对用人单位下达的任务予以确认与完成。面对劳动者隐形加班认定难的困境,现有研究主要通过生活安宁权、休息权等其他权利予以保障,然而,上述权利却无法实质性解决劳动者能否离线以及离线程度问题。因此,在厘清劳动者离线权概念、属性以及工作时间与非工作时间认定的基础上,通过将离线权引入《劳动法》的方式予以破解,实现劳动者离线权益保护的法定化、劳动者人格尊严权的实质性保障,以期实现对劳动者离线权益的保护与救济的规范化。

Digital technology has brought huge economic benefits to employers,but it has also fostered a“work anywhere”culture,particularly in online platform employment.Different from the traditional employment in the real world,the network platform employment has the characteristics of“24-hour online accessibility”,which exposes the network platform workers to risks of the blurring of limits between work and rest time,the difficulty to guarantee fair employment right,and the erosion of the right to life and health.The“right to disconnect”is the derivative right,which is a new manifestation of workers’right to rest in the digital era.To guarantee network platform laborers’“right to disconnect”for the vision of better digital life for all laborer,clause concerning“right to disconnect”can be added through the legislation,and distinguishing principle can be introduced,so that digital workers’right to choose is respected to safeguard the establishment of the form of implementation of the“right to disconnect”through negotiation between the laborer and the employer.