生物质基整体式催化微反应器研究进展

Research progress in biomass-based monolithic catalytic microreactors

天然生物质材料因其来源广泛、固碳能力强、机械强度较高、可再生性、环境友好性以及其具有的独特精细构造、化学组成,在多相催化领域备受青睐。生物质材料固有的孔道系统和化学组分既可以提升化学反应速率,又可以与催化剂复合参与到多相催化反应中。本文简述了竹、木和藤材等生物质材料作为催化剂载体的资源优势、结构优势和化学优势,综述了生物质基整体式催化微反应器的基本概念、催化剂类型与催化剂的复合策略与机制、催化活性与失效机制及其在水处理、能源产生、化学合成、Fischer-Tropsch合成、生物分析等先进功能领域的研究进展。最后,针对目前研究的局限性及存在的问题,在复合策略优化、功能催化剂设计、结构调控提升和稳定性能改善等方面对生物质基整体式催化微反应器未来发展趋势进行了展望,以期为“双碳”战略目标下生物质复合材料功能界面构建与高效利用提供全新的科学思路与技术借鉴。

Natural biomass materials are favored in the field of heterogeneous catalysis due to their wide resources,strong carbon sequestration capacity,high mechanical strength,renewability,environmental friendliness,as well as their unique fine structure and chemical composition.The inherent pore channel system and chemical compositions of biomass materials can not only improve the chemical reaction rate,but also participate in the heterogeneous catalytic reaction as the catalysts carrier.The resource,structural and chemical advantages of biomass such as bamboo,wood and rattan as catalyst carriers were briefly introduced in this paper.The basic concepts,types of catalysts,construction strategies and mechanisms,catalytic activity and failure mechanism of biomass-based monolithic catalytic microreactors were reviewed,as well as the research progress in advanced functional fields such as water treatment,energy generation,chemical synthesis,Fischer-Tropsch synthesis,and bioanalysis.Finally,in view of the limitations and existing problems of the current research,the future development trend of biomass-based monolithic catalytic microreactor is prospected in terms of construction strategy optimization,functional catalyst design,structure regulation improvement and stability performance improvement,in order to provide new scientific ideas and technical references for the construction and efficient utilization of functional interfaces of biomass materials under the strategic goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality.