2017年4月至2023年3月河南省商丘市哨点医院流感监测结果分析

Analysis of influenza surveillance results at sentinel hospitals in Shangqiu city,Henan province from April 2017 to March 2023

目的了解商丘市流感样病例(ILI)的就诊情况及病原学检测结果,为流感防控提供数据支持。方法通过中国流感监测信息系统,收集2017年4月至2023年3月商丘市流感监测哨点医院ILI的就诊情况,采用real-time PCR方法检测流感病毒及型别,对结果进行流行病学描述性分析。结果2017年4月至2023年3月商丘市哨点医院门(急)诊就诊病例总数为4085928例,其中ILI为100848例,ILI占门(急)诊就诊总病例数的比例(ILI%)为2.47%,6个监测年度的ILI%分别为3.10%、2.90%、3.24%、2.15%、1.61%和1.48%,各监测年度ILI高峰期均在冬春季。ILI年龄主要集中在0~<5岁和5~<15岁组,分别占67.19%和27.83%;ILI就诊科室主要集中在发热门诊和儿内科门诊。2017—2023年度送检ILI标本4408份,检出流感病毒核酸阳性744份,阳性率16.88%,其中,A型437份(58.74%),B型307份(41.26%);A型中新甲H1和H3核酸阳性率分别为5.65%(249份)和4.27%(188份),B型中Victoria系(BV)和Yamagata系(BY)核酸阳性率分别为4.36%(192份)和2.61%(115份)。各年度优势毒株有所不同,2017—2018年度为BY和新甲H1,2018—2019和2022—2023年度为新甲H1和H3,2019—2020年度为H3和BV,2021—2022年度为BV,2020—2021年度无阳性检出。结论2017年4月至2023年3月的6个监测年度中,商丘市流感高发季节均在冬春季,主要易感人群为0~<15岁儿童和青少年,各年度优势毒株在新甲H1、H3、BY和BV中交替发生。

Objective To understand the medical situation and pathogen detection results of influenza-like illness(ILI)in Shangqiu city,and provide data support for influenza prevention and control.Methods China Influenza Surveillance Information System was used to collect the visits of ILI at Shangqiu influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals from April 2017 to March 2023.Real-time PCR was used to detect the influenza virus and its type,and the results were analyzed using epidemiological descriptive analysis.Results From April 2017 to March 2023,the total number of outpatient(emergency)visits to the sentinel hospitals in Shangqiu city was 4085928,including 100848 ILI.Of the total number of outpatient(emergency)visits,the proportion of ILI(ILI%)was 2.47%.The ILI%for the six surveillance years were 3.10%,2.90%,3.24%,2.15%,1.61%,and1.48%,respectively.The peak period of ILI in each surveillance year was in winter and spring.The age of ILI was mainly concentrated in the 0-<5 and 5-<15 age groups,accounting for 67.19%and 27.83%,respectively.The ILI were mainly from the departments of fever outpatients and pediatric outpatients.From 2017 to 2023,4408 ILI specimens were tested,with 744 testing positive for influenza virus nucleic acid,reprsenting a positivity rate of 16.88%.Among them,437 were type A(58.74%),and307 were type B(41.26%).Within type A,the nucleic acids positive rates for new H1 and H3 subtypes were 5.65%(249 cases)and 4.27%(188 cases),respectively.Within type B,the nucleic acids positive rates for the Victoria(BV)and Yamagata(BY)strains were 4.36%(192 cases)and 2.61%(115 cases),respectively.The dominant strains varied in different years,with BY and new H1 in 2017-2018,new H1 and H3 in 2018-2019,2022-2023,H3 and BV in 2019-2020,BV in 2021-2022,and no positive cases detected in 2020-2021.Conclusions In the six surveillance years from April 2017 to March 2023,the seasons with high incidence of influenza in Shangqiu city were all in winter and spring,and the main susceptible population was children and adolescents aged 0-<15 years old.The dominant strains of the virus occurred alternately among new H1,H3,BY,and BV across different years.