河南省儿童父母健康素养水平调查

Survey of health literacy level among children's parents in Henan province

目的了解河南省儿童父母健康素养水平及其影响因素,为今后开展相关人群健康教育工作及制定相关卫生健康政策提供科学依据。方法于2023年7—9月,采取便利抽样的方法对在河南省某三甲儿童医院住院患儿的陪护家长(父亲或母亲)开展健康素养水平抽样调查,调查问卷采用国家卫生健康委员会2021年制定的《全国居民健康素养监测问卷》,对调查结果进行描述性流行病学分析。结果共调查了1367名儿童父母,其中父亲531名(占38.84%),母亲836名(占61.16%),父亲和母亲健康素养水平分别为32.58%和30.26%(χ^(2)=0.813,P>0.05);调查对象年龄在22~57岁,其中22~<40岁健康素养水平为36.21%(281/776),高于40~57岁组的24.53%(145/591)(χ^(2)=21.323,P<0.05);居住在城市的调查对象健康素养水平为36.36(204/561)高于农村的27.54%(222/806)(χ^(2)=11.996,P<0.05)。两两比较显示(以P<0.008为差异有统计学意义),文化程度为小学及以下、职业为农民、家庭人均年收入<10000元的调查对象健康素养水平低于相应的其他组,仅分别为9.51%(25/263)、22.58%(156/691)和18.75%(96/512)。结论年龄、文化程度、职业、城乡和家庭人均年收入是儿童父母健康素养水平的影响因素,应加大对年龄较大、文化程度较低、居住在农村、职业为农民、人均年收入较低的儿童父母的健康教育干预。

Objective To understand the health literacy level among the parents of children in Henan province and its influencing factors,and to provide scientific basis for future health education effort in relevant populations and the formulation of relevant health policies.Methods From July to September 2023,the health literacy level survey was conducted among the accompanying fathers or mothers of hospitalized children in a level-A tertiary children's hospital,who were selected by convenience sampling method.The National Resident Health Literacy Monitoring Questionnaire developed by the National Health Commission in 2021was employed.The survey results were analyzed using descriptive epidemiological method.Results A total of 1367 parents of children were surveyed,including 531 fathers(38.84%)and 836 mothers(61.16%),and the health literacy levels among fathers and mothers were 32.58%and 30.26%(χ^(2)=0.813,P>0.05),respectively;the survey subjects were aged between 22-57 years,with a health literacy level of 36.21%(281/776)in the 22-<40 year age group,which was higher than that in the 40-57 year age group(χ^(2)=21.323,P<0.05),which was 24.53%(145/591);the health literacy level among the survey subjects residing in the urban areas was 36.36%(204/561),which was higher than that in the rural areas(χ^(2)=11.996,P<0.05),which was 27.54%(222/806).Pairwise comparison(with P<0.008 as the statistically significant difference)showed that the health literacy levels among survey subjects with education level of primary school or below,occupation as a farmer,and annual income of family per capita<10000 yuan were only 9.51%(25/263),22.58%(156/691),and 18.75%(96/512),respectively,all lower than those for the corresponding other groups.Conclusions Age,education level,occupation,residing in urban or rural areas,and annual income of family per capita are influencing factors on the health literacy level among the parents of children.It is necessary to strengthen health education interventions among the parents of children who are older,have lower education levels,live in rural areas,work as farmers,and have lower annual income per capita.