河南省南太行地区生态空间识别及演化分析

Identification and evolution analysis of ecological space in the South Taihang area of Henan Province

生态空间是指具有自然属性、以提供生态服务或生态产品为主体功能的国土空间,在维护生物多样性、保障生态安全等方面有着重要地位。南太行地区是华北平原的生态屏障,通过多期遥感解译、运用土地利用类型归并法对河南省南太行地区的生态空间进行识别,并对其演变过程进行分析。结果发现:(1)研究区生态空间格局变化明显,生态空间规模锐减,非生态空间迅速扩张;(2)各类型生态空间在不同时期内均有不同幅度的变化,整体呈下降趋势,生态农地空间是减幅最大的地类,研究区非农化趋势明显,而生态绿地空间小幅度减少,面积占比较为稳定,保证了研究区生态空间的平稳;(3)自然因素长期影响生态空间格局,而人文因素如城镇发展战略和国家政策对研究区的生态空间格局变化有着决定性的作用,人口、科技和社会经济发展是短时间尺度上造成生态空间变化的重要驱动因素。研究结果可为该地区的生态环境保护提供依据。

Ecological space refers to the territorial space with natural attributes and the main function of providing ecological services or ecological products,which plays an important role in maintaining biodiversity and ensuring ecological security.The South Taihang region is the ecological barrier of the North China Plain.Through multi-phase remote sensing interpretation and land use patterns merging method,the ecological space in South Taihang area of Henan Province was identified and its evolution process was analyzed.The conclusions are as follows:(1)The ecological spatial pattern of the study area changes obviously,the ecological spatial scale decreases sharply,and the non-ecological space expands rapidly;(2)The ecological space types increase and decrease in different degrees in different periods,and the overall trend is downward.The ecological farmland space is the largest land category,and the non-agricultural trend is obvious in the study area,while the ecological green space decreases slightly,and the area proportion is stable,which ensures the stability of the ecological space in the study area;(3)Natural factors affect ecological spatial pattern in the long run.Human factors such as urban development strategies and national policies play a decisive role in the change of ecological spatial pattern in the study area.Population,science and technology,and socio-economic development are important driving factors in the short time scale.The results may provide basis for ecological environment protection of the study area.