长期护理保险信息“破壁”何以可能、何以可为

How to Break Down the Information Barriers of Long-term Care Insurance

随着老龄化进程加速,失能人群的护理服务需求与日俱增,为此,我国在多地开展长期护理保险政策试点。基于S市长期护理保险政策现状的调研发现,试点过程中,政府经办方、商业承办方、护理服务方、参保人等政策主体间的信息壁垒极大地影响了政策的实施效果,呈现出道德风险、低质服务、供求脱节、认知偏差等四类风险。结合信息不对称理论对问题成因进行分析发现,保障信息均衡的专项法律法规匮乏,主体责任尚未落实;校正信息失衡的监督机制存在短板,主体违约成本低下;提高信息流速的技术手段欠缺,主体信息利用程度较低;弥补主体信息短板的渠道有限,主体间信息流通序向固化等四方面因素共同导致了信息壁垒的出现,阻碍政策目标的达成。据此,从健全法律法规,加强监督制约,完善信息系统,优化政策宣传等角度提出改进策略,以消解主体间信息不对称导致的梗阻和矛盾,促进长期护理保险政策体系的健全与完善。

With the acceleration of the aging process,the demand for services for disabled populations is increasing.Therefore,China has launched Long-term Care Insurance policy pilot projects in many places.However,based on the research on the status quo of Long-term Care Insurance policies in S city,it was found that during the pilot process,the information barriers among policy subjects such as government departments,commercial insurance companies,long-term care service institutions,and insured persons greatly affected the implementation effectiveness of the policies,presenting four types of problems:moral hazard,low-quality services,supply and demand disconnection,and cognitive bias.Analyzing the causes of the problems based on the theory of information asymmetry,it was found that there is a lack of specialized laws and regulations to ensure information balance,and the main responsibility has not yet been implemented.There are shortcomings in the supervision and early warning to prevent information imbalance,and the default cost of subject is low.The working mechanism for improving information flow is insufficient,and the utilization of subject information is relatively low.The lack of channels to compensate for the shortcomings of subject information and the solidification of information flow between subjects have jointly led to the emergence of information barriers,hindering the achievement of policy goals.Based on this,improvement strategies are proposed from the perspectives of improving laws and regulations,strengthening supervision and restraint,improving information systems,and optimizing policy promotion.These strategies aim to eliminate obstacles and contradictions caused by information asymmetry among subjects,and promote the soundness and refinement of the Long-term Care Insurance policy system.