纯电动公交车驾驶行为对能耗的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Driving Behavior on Energy Consumption of Electric Buses

为深入了解城市纯电动公交车驾驶特性及能耗规律,采集其自然驾驶数据,从运行工况、速度、加速度、踏板开度4个方面分析驾驶行为特征。其次,利用相关性分析寻找影响纯电动公交车能耗的因素,从速度、加速度、运行状态、典型工况4个方面分析驾驶行为对能耗的影响规律。分析结果表明,纯电动公交车能耗与速度呈U型变化曲线,与匀速工况占比呈线性负相关,与加减速工况占比呈二次函数关系;存在能量回收最大的加速度区间;典型工况能耗占公交循环总能耗的82.36%。最后,依据分析结论提出纯电动公交车节能驾驶建议,旨在指导公交车驾驶人降低行车能耗。

To understand the driving behavior and energy consumption laws of electric buses(E-Buses),natural driving data of E-Buses are collected,and their driving behavior characteristics are analyzed from four aspects:operating conditions,speed,acceleration,and pedal opening.Then,the correlation analysis was used to find the factors that affect the energy consumption of E-Buses.Once again,the impact of driving behavior on energy consumption was analyzed from four aspects:speed,acceleration,operating status,and typical working conditions.The analysis results show that the energy consumption and speed of E-Buses exhibit a U-shaped curve,a linear negative correlation with the proportion of constant speed conditions,and a quadratic relationship with the proportion of acceleration and deceleration conditions;There exists an acceleration range with the maximum energy recovery;The energy consumption of typical operating conditions accounts for 82.36%of the total energy consumption of the cycles.Finally,based on the analysis conclusions,energy-saving driving suggestions for E-Buses are proposed,aiming to guide bus drivers to reduce driving energy consumption.