“专利申请人/专利权人”主体视角下的技术机会识别研究

Research on Technology Opportunity Identification from the Perspective of Patent Applicant/Patentee Subject

充分利用专利文献中蕴含的专利申请与权利人主体信息,从“专利申请人/专利权人”主体视角构建一套有效的技术机会识别方法,为企业开展技术创新活动提供决策支撑。首先,以发明申请与授权发明为数据源,在通过LDA模型挖掘潜在技术主题的基础上,通过对企业、科研院所两种专利申请主体近年来发明申请关注度的交叉判断,识别具有较大发展潜力的技术机会,将其划分为主体聚焦型、市场转化型、研发潜能型;其次,以有效专利为数据源,通过引入基于专利组合分析方法的专利强度指标,判断各类型技术机会的首要驱动主体,并对代表性首要驱动主体的技术竞争要素进行详细分析。实证部分,以智能网联汽车为例,共识别技术机会9项,包括主体聚焦型、市场转化型与研发潜能型各3项,且首要驱动主体均为企业。结果表明,基于“专利申请人/专利权人”主体的发明申请数量交叉变化趋势与两类主体的专利强度情况,可以识别具备较大发展潜力的不同类型技术机会,且能够判断其市场竞争强度,为技术机会识别提供了全新视角。

This article fully utilizes the information of patent applications and rights holders contained in patent literature,and constructs an effective method for identifying technological opportunities from the perspective of patent applicants/patent holders,providing decision-making su pport for innovative entities to carry out technological innovation activities.Firstly,using invention applications and authorized inventions as data sources and based on the LDA model to explore potential technical topics,by cross judging the attention of patent applicants from enterprises and research institutes in recent years,identify technology opportunities with great development potential,and classify them into subject focused,market transformation,and R&D potential types.Secondly,using valid patents as the data source,by introducing patent strength indicators based on patent portfolio analysis methods,the primary driving entities of various types of technological opportunities are identified,and the technical competition elements of representative primary driving entities are analyzed in detail.In the empirical part,taking intelligent connected vehicles as an example,a total of 9 technological opportunities were identified,including 3 main focus,3 market transformation,and 3 research and development potential each,with enterprises as the primary driving force.The results indicate that based on the cross trend of the number of invention applications by the“patent applicant/patentee”subject and the patent intensity of the two types of subjects,different types of technological opportunities with great development potential can be identified,and their market competition intensity can be judged,providing a new perspective for identifying technological opportunities.