职业教育数字教材的内涵、功能与建设策略

The Connotation,Function,and Construction Strategy of Vocational Education Digital Teaching Materials

职业教育数字教材是以职业教育教与学的需求和规律为设计基础,以课程标准为内容和结构蓝本,基于数字工具开发和数字终端运行的,满足课内外教师、学生与知识间沉浸式交互的官方媒介。教学嵌入、官方认可、沉浸交互、课标引领、数字赋能是数字教材的五个最关键特征。优秀的职业教育数字教材应能服务基于教学逻辑和基于需求逻辑的两类知识关系的构建、服务抽象知识的生动表达、服务教学情境的有效驱动、服务多元主体的互动生成。未来需要重点解决四类数字教材建设的风险和问题:一是处理好教材公益性和市场性的关系,缓解技术公平矛盾;二是处理好数字教材作为私人空间和公共空间的关系,解决技术安全问题;三是处理好先进性与普及性的关系,降低技术门槛效应;四是处理好可行性和必要性的关系,解决超限开发和应用问题。

Vocational education digital teaching materials are an official medium designed based on the needs and laws of vocational education teaching and learning,with curriculum standards as the content and structure blueprint,based on digital tool development and digital terminal operation,to meet the immersive interaction between teachers,students,and knowledge both inside and outside of class.Teaching embedding,official recognition,immersive interaction,curriculum standard guidance,and digital empowerment are the five most critical features of digital teaching materials.Excellent vocational education digital teaching materials should be able to serve the construction of two types of knowledge relationships based on teaching logic and demand logic,serve the vivid expression of abstract knowledge,serve the effective driving of teaching situations,and serve the interactive generation of multiple subjects.In the future,it is necessary to focus on solving four types of risks and problems in the construction of digital teaching materials:firstly,to handle the relationship between the public welfare and market-oriented nature of teaching materials,and alleviate the contradiction of technological fairness;secondly,to handle the relationship between digital teaching materials as private and public spaces,and solve technical security issues;thirdly,to handle the relationship between advancement and popularity,and reduce the technical threshold effect;fourthly,to handle the relationship between feasibility and necessity,and solve the problems of over limit development and application.