黄芩多糖对高脂胁迫草鱼的生长、消化酶活性、血液生化指标及抗氧化能力的影响

Effects of Scutellaria baicalensis polysaccharide supplementation on growth,digestive enzyme activity,blood biochemical indexes and antioxidant capability of grass carp fed high-fat diet

为研究黄芩多糖对高脂日粮草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)生长、氧化损伤的影响,实验选取450尾健康草鱼随机分为5组,每组设置3个重复,分别投喂基础饲料(ND)、高脂饲料(HFD)以及补充了0.02%、0.05%、0.125%黄芩多糖的高脂饲料(HFD+SBP),养殖草鱼4周后,取样采集生长、肠道消化酶活性、血液生化、肝脏抗氧化以及肝脏组织病理数据。结果显示:在生长方面,黄芩多糖能抑制脂肪酶活性,显著增强α-淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶活性;显著降低血液总胆固醇(TCHO)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL)水平;从而在一定程度上改善高脂引起的肝体比(HSI)、饲料系数(FCR)升高以及增重率(WGR)降低。在氧化损伤方面,黄芩多糖能提高肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活性,显著降低肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量;从而缓解了高脂诱导的脂肪变性等肝脏损伤,显著降低了血浆谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性。结果表明,长期摄入高脂饲料会导致草鱼生长性能下降,引起肝脏氧化损伤;添加黄芩多糖能缓解高脂日粮对草鱼生长、健康造成的不利影响,最适添加量为0.05%。

A total of 450 healthy Ctenopharyngodon idella were randomly divided into five groups with three replicates in each group to investigate the effects of Scutellaria baicalensis polysaccharide on growth and oxidative damage of grass carp(C.idella)fed high-fat diet.They were fed a basal diet(ND),a high-fat diet(HFD),and a HFD supplemented with 0.02%,0.05% and 0.125%S.baicalensis polysaccharide(HFD+SBP),respectively.At the end of the 4-week feeding trial,samples were collected for growth,intestinal digestive enzyme activity,blood biochemistry,liver antioxidant and histopathology data.The results showed that Scutellariae polysaccharide inhibited lipase activity and enhanced the activities of α-amylase and trypsin,decreasing TCHO and LDL in blood.Thus,it played a lipid-lowering and digestion-promoting role the increase of HSI and FCR and the decrease of WGR.At the same time,S.baicalensis polysaccharide could increase liver GSH-PX activity and reduce liver MDA content.Thus,the liver injury(such as fatty degeneration)indicated by the increase in ALT and LDH activity was alleviated.In conclusion,long-term high-fat diet intake harms the growth and health of C.idella,and S.baicalensis polysaccharide added could alleviate these adverse effects,then the optimal dose of S.baicalensis polysaccharide was 0.05%.