现代社会风险治理的伦理探寻

Ethical Exploration of Risk Governance in Modern Society

现代社会是一个高度不确定性和高度复杂性兼具的风险社会,从工业社会到风险社会,人为制造的风险日益取代外部风险而在风险结构中占据主导地位,社会进步的负面效应开始以危险或灾难的形式返还于人类。文章从伦理视角对弥散于现代社会中的各类风险进行哲学审视。现代社会风险在本质上是由人的伦理责任的消逝导致的,人对工具理性的极端追求、对自身主体性的过度张扬,以及对个体自由的极度推崇是风险社会放大的价值根源。社会发展不只是追求形式化的发展过程,社会发展理应内蕴道德责任和价值关怀的伦理向度。防范和化解现代社会风险的治理之策不应一味地依赖于技术手段,更要积极地从伦理责任的方向进行建构。

Modern society is a risk society that combines high uncertainty and complexity.From industrial society to risk society,artificially created risks are increasingly replacing external risks and occupying a dominant position in the risk structure.The negative effects of social progress are beginning to return to humanity in the form of danger or disaster.The article provides a philosophical examination of various risks that are dispersed in modern society from an ethical perspective.The risk in modern society is essentially caused by the disappearance of human ethical responsibility.The extreme pursuit of instrumental rationality,excessive promotion of self subjectivity,and extreme admiration for individual freedom are the value roots of the amplification of risk society.Social development is not just a pursuit of formal development processes,but should contain ethical dimensions of moral responsibility and value care.The governance strategies for preventing and resolving risks in modern society should not rely solely on technological means,but should be actively constructed from the perspective of ethical responsibility.