焊接残余应力的时效处理方法概述

Overview of aging methods for welding residual stresses

针对焊接残余应力消减问题,总结了对焊接结构件性能及精度影响现状,概述了时效处理的几种主要方法。分析认为:自然时效法操作简单但周期过长,不适用于企业生产;热时效应用广泛,效果明显,但能耗高,存在污染;振动时效在实际生产中使用较多,操作便捷,能耗相对较低,目前在制造业得到广泛应用。今后在研究中也应注意新兴的时效处理技术如超声波失效等,结合实际生产形式进行应用。

In order to solve the problem of residual stress reduction in welding,the current situation of the influence on the performance and accuracy of welded structural parts is summarized,and several main methods of aging treatment are summarized.According to the analysis,the natural aging method is simple to operate but the cycle is too long,so it is not suitable for enterprise production;The thermal time effect is widely used and the effect is obvious,but the energy consumption is high and there is pollution;Vibration aging is used more in actual production,easy to operate,relatively low energy consumption,and is widely used in the manufacturing industry.In the future,attention should also be paid to emerging aging treatment technologies such as ultrasonic failure,which should be applied in combination with the actual production form.