农村职业教育赋能乡村振兴的内在逻辑、现实困惑及优化路径

The Internal Logic,Reality Perplexity and Optimized Path of Rural Revitalization Empowered by Rural Vocational Education

乡村振兴是全面建设社会主义现代化强国的重大战略和新时代解决我国“三农”问题的总抓手。从农村职业教育自身独特属性、多样性功能以及服务脱贫攻坚效能层面上审视,农村职业教育赋能乡村振兴蕴含着应然性、必然性和实然性逻辑,是实现乡村振兴的重要手段。但是,当前我国农村职业教育“为农”角色偏离,同质化人才供给与乡村振兴异质化人才需求相矛盾,发展保障机制缺失……诸多问题使得农村职业教育赋能乡村振兴的量能难以充分发挥。为此,农村职业教育要积极探寻改革发展行动路径:明确发展定位,坚守“为农”价值取向,引领农村职业教育赋能乡村振兴;立足“三农”发展需求,有效推进农村职业教育供给与乡村振兴需求衔接;改善物质“硬”环境,优化制度“软”环境,破解农村职业教育发展瓶颈,增强其赋能乡村振兴的能力。

Rural revitalization is an important strategy for building a powerful country with all-round socialist modernization,and is the key to solve the problems of"agriculture,rural areas and farmers"in our country in the new era.From the perspective of the unique attributes,multiple functions and the support effectiveness in poverty alleviation of rural vocational education,the logic of necessity,inevitability and reality are inherent in rural revitalization empowered by vocational education,which is important means and supporting force to realize rural revitalization.But at present,our rural vocational education role has deviated from the support for rural issues with the supply of homogeneous talents,which conflicts with the demand for heterogeneous talents in rural revitalization.Problems such as inadequate development security and institutional care make it difficult for rural vocational education to fully realize the potential of rural revitalization.Therefore,rural vocational education should actively explore the path of reform and development by defining the development orientation,affirming the value orientation of"for the rural"to lead the rural vocational education to enable rural revitalization;based on the development needs of"agriculture,rural areas and farmers",it is necessary to effectively promote the link between the supply of rural vocational education and the demand for rural revitalization.By improving the"hard"material environment,and optimizing the"soft"institutional environment,it is possible to breakthrough the bottleneck of rural vocational education development and strengthen its determination and ability to empower rural revitalization.