父母教养方式与儿童情绪管理能力的关系:同伴交往能力的中介作用

The Relationship between Parenting Style and Children's Emotional Management Ability:the Mediating Role of Peer Communication Skills

随着家庭教育相关理论的日臻完善,父母教养方式与儿童情绪管理的关系研究逐渐增多,提高儿童的社会交往能力成为研究热点。本研究以500名3—6岁儿童为研究对象,以莫里斯幼儿适应三重模型为参照,采用父母教养方式量表、幼儿同伴交往量表和儿童情绪管理量表为研究工具,通过结构方程模型考察父母教养方式与儿童情绪管理能力之间的关系以及儿童的同伴交往能力在其间的中介作用。研究发现:父母教养方式、儿童同伴交往能力均与儿童情绪管理能力显著相关,三者具有交互预测作用;中介效应模型表明儿童同伴交往能力在父母教养方式对儿童情绪管理能力的影响中存在中介作用,民主性教养可以通过影响儿童同伴交往能力,间接推动其情绪管理能力的积极生长;专制性教养、溺爱性教养和放任性教养可以间接抑制儿童同伴交往能力,阻碍其情绪管理能力的提高。为提升和稳定儿童管理自身情绪的能力,父母应加强对不同教养方式的认知以及重视对儿童同伴交往能力的培养,并将这一教育理念体现在家庭教育实践之中,促进儿童身心健康发展。

With the improvement of family education related theories,the research on the relationship between parenting style and children's emotional management has gradually increased,as improving children's social communication ability has become a focus.This study took 500 children aged 3-6 as the research object,took the Morris'Triple Model of Child Adaptation as a reference,and used the Parenting Style Scale,the Infant Peer Interaction Scale and the Children's Emotion Management Scale as research tools,thus to investigate the relationship between parenting style and children's emotional management ability as well as the mediating role of children's peer communication ability.The results showed that parenting style and children's peer communication ability were significantly correlated with children's emotional management ability,and the three had an interactive predictive effect.The mediating effect model showed that children's peer communication plays a mediating role in the impact of parenting style on children's emotional management ability,that is,democratic parenting promotes positive growth in children's ability to manage their emotions by indirectly promoting their ability to interact with peers,while authoritarian,indulgent and permissive parenting impedes children's emotional management by indirectly discouraging their peer interaction.In order to improve and stabilize children's ability to manage their own emotions,parents should strengthen their understanding of different parenting styles and pay attention to the cultivation of children's peer communication skills,which should be reflected in family education practice to promote children's physical and mental health.