揭秘晶体场理论——镍大环配合物的制备、表征与性能测定

Unveiling Crystal Field Theory:Preparation,Characterization,and Performance Assessment of Nickel Macrocyclic Complexes

晶体场理论是配位化学中的基本理论之一,也是本科无机化学教学中的重点和难点内容。本文基于前沿文献报道的镍大环配位化合物,引入多种配体,设计了一个扩展性强的多层次综合性实验。学生通过制备系列镍配合物,观察颜色,测定红外吸收光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱和有效磁矩,结合课堂讲解与文献阅读,分析配合物的配体组成与中心离子的晶体场构型。实验共计8学时,综合无机、分析、物理化学的理论知识与实验操作,实验现象明显、重复性好、成本低廉、安全性高,充分锻炼学生利用多种分析手段解决实际问题的能力,在“问题导向”的情境中提升学生的化学核心素养。

Crystal field theory stands as a cornerstone in coordination chemistry and poses a pivotal challenge in undergraduate inorganic chemistry education.Leveraging recent advancements in the synthesis of nickel macrocyclic coordination compounds,we introduce a highly adaptable and multifaceted comprehensive experiment.Students engage in synthesizing a series of nickel complexes,observing their colors,and analyzing their infrared absorption spectra,UV-visible absorption spectra,and effective magnetic moments.By integrating classroom instruction with literature review,students deduce the ligand composition and central ion crystal field configuration of the complexes.Spanning 8 class hours,this experiment amalgamates theoretical knowledge and experimental skills across inorganic,analytical,and physical chemistry domains.It exhibits conspicuous experimental phenomena,excellent reproducibility,low cost,and high safety standards.Moreover,it extensively cultivates students’analytical prowess in tackling realworld problems within a problem-oriented learning framework,thereby enhancing their fundamental chemical literacy.