畜禽饲料效率性状遗传研究进展

Progress in Genetic Studies of Feed Efficiency Traits in Livestock and Poultry

饲料效率是评价畜牧生产效率高低的一项重要指标,它是畜禽育种研究的重要性状之一。在过去几十年里,肉蛋奶产量等畜禽生产性状已经取得显著遗传进展。随着饲料成本的逐年提高,近几年饲料效率性状逐渐受到育种工作者的高度关注。欧美国家已陆续将饲料效率作为育种目标纳入综合选择指数,我国也开始相关研究并取得了研究进展。本文介绍了饲料效率的概念、常用衡量指标、遗传参数估计,并综述了国内外常见畜禽饲料效率性状的研究进展,为进一步解析畜禽饲料效率性状遗传机制和优化育种方案提供参考。

Feed efficiency is an important indicator for evaluating the efficiency of livestock production,and it is one of the important traits in livestock and poultry breeding research.In the past few decades,livestock and poultry production traits such as meat,egg and milk yields have made significant genetic progress.With the increase of feed cost year by year,feed efficiency trait has gradually received high attention from breeders in recent years.European and American countries have successively included feed efficiency as a breeding target in the comprehensive selection index,and China has also begun related research and recieved research progress.This paper introduces the concept of feed efficiency,commonly used indicators,statistical analysis models and their genetic parameter estimation,and summarizes the research progress of common livestock and poultry feed efficiency traits at home and abroad,in order to further analyze the genetic mechanism of livestock and poultry feed efficiency traits and optimize the breeding program to provide reference.