新时期实用性村庄规划评估工作探索与思考

Exploration and Thinking of Practical Rural Planning Evaluation in the New Era

村庄规划评估是达成村庄发展长远目标、提高村庄规划实用性及治理实效性的关键工具。聚焦国土空间规划背景下的村庄规划,以编制质量和实施效果为基本出发点,构建了兼顾前瞻性和实效性的村庄规划评估体系及内容框架,以满足地方政府监测村庄发展,检视规划有效性,服务规划管理的现实需求,助力下一轮“多规合一”实用性村庄规划工作的全面高效开展。

Village planning evaluation constitutes a pivotal instrument to achieve long-term development objectives for villages,enhancing the practicality of village planning,and bolstering the effectiveness of governance.This study aims to meet the practical needs for local government to monitor village developments,check the effectiveness of plans and assist with planning management,aiming to facilitate the next round of“multi-rule integrated”comprehensive high-efficiency practical village planning.This study focused on village planning in the background of national territorial spatial planning.Based on practical working schemes in the Fujian Province,Zhejiang Province,and Guangdong Province,combined with relevant research explorations in Lu’an City,Wenyuan County,and Lintan County,as well as long-term practical experiences of the team in local village planning,key emphasis and system frameworks for practical village planning evaluation were established.These were oriented to national strategic directions and local development pursuits for the“better service and promotion of village planning compilation and implementation”.This framework includes the formulation quality and implementation effects of village planning.It is suggested that solutions in village planning evaluation are based on:1)objectively building the planning and investigation organization combined with“overall advancing+typical survey”;2)systematically establishing the village planning evaluation cognition framework for the whole process of village planning;3)comprehensively building the village planning evaluation contents with mutual supports of“compilation quality+implementation effect”.On this basis,the working framework of practical village planning evaluation in the new era was established in the county units(city/district)from the perspective of compilation quality and implementation effects under the guidance of goal congruence,full-domain overall planning,implementation orientation,and public values.From the perspective of“external connectivity”and“internal effectiveness”,the internal effectiveness and external connectivity of village planning results were disclosed mainly through town street overall planning and sampling village reports.The village planning compilation quality was evaluated.Internal effectiveness refers to the“internal characteristics”of planning results.It is used to evaluate to which extent the planning facilitates the development goal in the village completion stage,whether planning contents agree with practical standards of territorial spatial planning,and what are its scientific basis,reasoning,and characteristics.External connectivity refers to the“external relationship”of planning results.It is used to evaluate the connection and implementation between planning with superior planning and rigid control requirements,whether planning contents agree with requirements of policy documents like provincial compilation guidelines and city-level compilation guidelines,what is the legality and compliance of the planning program,and public participation.From the perspective of high-quality village development and improvement of public welfare,the implementation effect of village planning was evaluated through field surveys of typical villages.The implementation effect of village planning includes“achievement”and“effectiveness”.The“achievement”,that is,“consistence”of planning implementation results,evaluates whether the plan is implemented according to the presetting“plan”and emphasizes the completion degree of the“index-land use-project”.It belongs to fact-based evaluations.“Effectiveness”,that is,“validity”of plan implementation results,supports village development and public welfare by examining the implementation outcomes of plans.It emphasizes acceptance and satisfaction of the public,and it belongs to the value-based evaluation.