我国保障粮食和重要农产品稳定安全供给的路径研究

Research on the Path to Ensuring Stable and Secure Supply of Grainand Important Agricultural Products in China

保障粮食和重要农产品稳定安全供给是一个重大的战略性问题。稳定安全供给既强调保障粮食安全,同时将其他重要农产品的供给安全问题提高到了新的层次,是对过去“稳定供给”“有效供给”等诸多提法的深化拓展。本文在界定粮食和重要农产品稳定安全供给基本内涵的基础上,分析了我国粮食和重要农产品稳定安全供给面临的新形势和突出障碍。研究发现,我国粮食稳定安全供给水平整体上升,但棉花、生猪等重要农产品稳定安全供给水平存在波动。保障粮食和重要农产品稳定安全供给,面临粮食生产与水资源的空间匹配矛盾、农业供给体系韧性不强、农业生产激励机制不完善、农业生产空间拓展不快、现代农业产业体系不健全等挑战。因此,应树立和践行大农业观、大食物观,积极拓展农业战略性增长空间、提升水土资源匹配性、强化农业科技颠覆性创新、构建安全可靠的粮食和重要农产品供应链体系、健全现代乡村产业体系,全面提升粮食和重要农产品稳定安全供给能力。

Ensuring the stable and secure supply of grain and important agricultural products is a critical strategic issue.This concept not only emphasizes food security but also elevates the security of the supply of other essential agricultural products to a new level,expanding beyond traditional notions such as“stable supply”and“effective supply.”This paper defines the basic connotations of stable and secure supply of grain and important agricultural products and analyzes the new challenges and significant obstacles faced by China in this area.The research reveals that while the overall level of stable and secure grain supply in China is improving,the stability and security of important agricultural products like cotton and pork exhibit fluctuations.Several challenges hinder the stable and secure supply of grain and important agricultural products,including spatial mismatches between grain production and water resources,the resilience of the agricultural supply system,imperfect agricultural production incentive mechanisms,slow expansion of agricultural production space,and an underdeveloped modern agricultural industrial system.To address these challenges,it is necessary to adopt and implement a comprehensive perspective on agriculture and food security.This involves actively expanding strategic growth areas for agriculture,enhancing the compatibility of water and soil resources,strengthening disruptive innovation in agricultural technology,building a safe and reliable supply chain system for grain and important agricultural products,and improving the modern rural industrial system.These measures will comprehensively enhance the capability of stable and secure supply of grain and important agricultural products.